English

Latin

All Gaul is divided into three parts , one of which the Belgae inhabit , the Aquitani another , those who in their own language are called Celts , in our Gauls , the third . All these differ from each other in language , customs and laws . The river Garonne separates the Gauls from the Aquitani ; the Marne and the Seine separate them from the Belgae . Of all these , the Belgae are the bravest , because they are furthest from the civilization and refinement of [ our ] Province , and merchants least frequently resort to them , and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind ; and they are the nearest to the Germans , who dwell beyond the Rhine , with whom they are continually waging war ; for which reason the Helvetii also surpass the rest of the Gauls in valor , as they contend with the Germans in almost daily battles , when they either repel them from their own territories , or themselves wage war on their frontiers . One part of these , which it has been said that the Gauls occupy , takes its beginning at the river Rhone ; it is bounded by the river Garonne , the ocean , and the territories of the Belgae ; it borders , too , on the side of the Sequani and the Helvetii , upon the river Rhine , and stretches toward the north . The Belgae rises from the extreme frontier of Gaul , extend to the lower part of the river Rhine ; and look toward the north and the rising sun . Aquitania extends from the river Garonne to the Pyrenaean mountains and to that part of the ocean which is near Spain : it looks between the setting of the sun , and the north star .

English

Latin

When it was reported to Caesar that they were attempting to make their route through our Province he hastens to set out from the city , and , by as great marches as he can , proceeds to Further Gaul , and arrives at Geneva . He orders the whole Province [ to furnish ] as great a number of soldiers as possible , as there was in all only one legion in Further Gaul : he orders the bridge at Geneva to be broken down . When the Helvetii are apprized of his arrival they send to him , as embassadors , the most illustrious men of their state ( in which embassy Numeius and Verudoctius held the chief place ) , to say " that it was their intention to march through the Province without doing any harm , because they had " [ according to their own representations , ] " no other route : that they requested , they might be allowed to do so with his consent . " Caesar , inasmuch as he kept in remembrance that Lucius Cassius , the consul , had been slain , and his army routed and made to pass under the yoke by the Helvetii , did not think that [ their request ] ought to be granted : nor was he of opinion that men of hostile disposition , if an opportunity of marching through the Province were given them , would abstain from outrage and mischief . Yet , in order that a period might intervene , until the soldiers whom he had ordered [ to be furnished ] should assemble , he replied to the ambassadors , that he would take time to deliberate ; if they wanted any thing , they might return on the day before the ides of April [ on April 12th ] .

Latin

English

Ea res est Helvetiis per indicium enuntiata . Moribus suis Orgetoricem ex vinculis causam dicere coegerunt ; damnatum poenam sequi oportebat , ut igni cremaretur . Die constituta causae dictionis Orgetorix ad iudicium omnem suam familiam , ad hominum milia decem , undique coegit , et omnes clientes obaeratosque suos , quorum magnum numerum habebat , eodem conduxit ; per eos ne causam diceret se eripuit . Cum civitas ob eam rem incitata armis ius suum exequi conaretur multitudinemque hominum ex agris magistratus cogerent , Orgetorix mortuus est ; neque abest suspicio , ut Helvetii arbitrantur , quin ipse sibi mortem consciverit .

English

Latin

When this scheme was disclosed to the Helvetii by informers , they , according to their custom , compelled Orgetorix to plead his cause in chains ; it was the law that the penalty of being burned by fire should await him if condemned . On the day appointed for the pleading of his cause , Orgetorix drew together from all quarters to the court , all his vassals to the number of ten thousand persons ; and led together to the same place all his dependents and debtor-bondsmen , of whom he had a great number ; by means of those he rescued himself from [ the necessity of ] pleading his cause . While the state , incensed at this act , was endeavoring to assert its right by arms , and the magistrates were mustering a large body of men from the country , Orgetorix died ; and there is not wanting a suspicion , as the Helvetii think , of his having committed suicide .

Latin

English

[ 6 ] 1 Erat una cum ceteris Dumnorix Aeduus , de quo ante ab nobis dictum est . Hunc secum habere in primis constituerat , quod eum cupidum rerum novarum , cupidum imperi , magni animi , magnae inter Gallos auctoritatis cognoverat . 2 Accedebat huc quod in concilio Aeduorum Dumnorix dixerat sibi a Caesare regnum civitatis deferri ; quod dictum Aedui graviter ferebant , neque recusandi aut deprecandi causa legatos ad Caesarem mittere audebant . 3 Id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat . Ille omnibus primo precibus petere contendit ut in Gallia relinqueretur , partim quod insuetus navigandi mare timeret , partim quod religionibus impediri sese diceret . 4 Posteaquam id obstinate sibi negari vidit , omni spe impetrandi adempta principes Galliae sollicitare , sevocare singulos hortarique coepit uti in continenti remanerent : 5 metu territare : non sine causa fieri , ut Gallia omni nobilitate spoliaretur ; id esse consilium Caesaris , ut quos in conspectu Galliae interficere vereretur , hos omnes in Britanniam traductos necaret ; 6 fidem reliquis interponere , iusiurandum poscere , ut quod esse ex usu Galliae intellexissent communi consilio administrarent . Haec a compluribus ad Caesarem deferebantur .

Latin

English

Flumen est Arar , quod per fines Haeduorum et Sequanorum in Rhodanum influit , incredibili lenitate , ita ut oculis in utram partem fluat iudicari non possit . Id Helvetii ratibus ac lintribus iunctis transibant .  2 Ubi per exploratores Caesar certior factus est tres iam partes copiarum Helvetios id flumen traduxisse , quartam vero partem citra flumen Ararim reliquam esse , de tertia vigilia cum legionibus tribus e castris profectus ad eam partem pervenit quae nondum flumen transierat .  3 Eos impeditos et inopinantes adgressus magnam partem eorum concidit ; reliqui sese fugae mandarunt atque in proximas silvas abdiderunt .  4 Is pagus appellabatur Tigurinus ; nam omnis civitas Helvetia in quattuor pagos divisa est .  5 Hic pagus unus , cum domo exisset , patrum nostrorum memoria L . Cassium consulem interfecerat et eius exercitum sub iugum miserat .  6 Ita sive casu sive consilio deorum immortalium quae pars civitatis Helvetiae insignem calamitatem populo Romano intulerat , ea princeps poenam persolvit .  7 Qua in re Caesar non solum publicas , sed etiam privatas iniurias ultus est , quod eius soceri L . Pisonis avum , L . Pisonem legatum , Tigurini eodem proelio quo Cassium interfecerant .

Latin

English

Iam primum adulescens Catilina multa nefanda stupra fecerat , cum virgine nobili , cum sacerdote Vestae , alia huiusce modi contra ius fasque . 2 Postremo captus amore Aureliae Orestillae , cuius praeter formam nihil umquam bonus laudavit , quod ea nubere illi dubitabat timens privignum adulta aetate , pro certo creditur necato filio vacuam domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse . 3 Quae quidem res mihi in primis videtur causa fuisse facinus maturandi . 4 Namque animus inpurus , dis hominibusque infestus , neque vigiliis neque quietibus sedari poterat : ita conscientia mentem excitam vastabat . 4 Igitur color ei exsanguis , foedi oculi , citus modo , modo tardus incessus : prorsus in facie vultuque vecordia inerat .

Latin

English

Omnis homines , qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus , summa ope niti decet , ne vitam silentio transeant veluti pecora , quae natura prona atque ventri oboedientia finxit . 2 Sed nostra omnis vis in animo et corpore sita est : animi imperio , corporis servitio magis utimur ; alterum nobis cum dis , alterum cum beluis commune est . 3 Quo mihi rectius videtur ingeni quam virium opibus gloriam quaerere et , quoniam vita ipsa , qua fruimur , brevis est , memoriam nostri quam maxume longam efficere . 4 Nam divitiarum et formae gloria fluxa atque fragilis est , virtus clara aeternaque habetur .

Ἑλληνική Transliterate

Ἑλληνική Transliterate

Eurōpam [ 1 ] , fīliam Agēnoris [ 2 ] , Iuppiter , rēx deōrum , vīdit . Victus amōre eius , dīxit , " Sine hāc bellā puellā ego nōn poterō vīvere . Sed quid agam ? Haec virgō , sī eam vī superābō , mē nōn amābit , et Iūnō , sī īnsidiās meās inveniet , mē castīgābit . Arte igitur Eurōpam ad mē dūcere dēbeō . "

Iuppiter sibi dedit fōrmam taurī . Cum celeritāte ē suā arce in caelō per nūbēs ad terram cucurrit . Eurōpa cum suīs amīcīs errāverat in loca remōta . Ad hās vēnit ille magnus taurus . Fūgērunt aliae puellae ; sōla Eurōpa ( nam animālia semper amāverat ) remānsit cum taurō . Collum eius suīs bracchiīs Eurōpa tenuit ; sine morā trāns mare ille eam trāxit ! *

*Eurōpa perīculum sēnsit et exclāmāvit , " Ō ! " . Dīxit Iuppiter , " Bella puella , nūllae malae sententiae sunt in meō animō . Nōn taurus , sed deus ego sum . Nōn mors , sed fāma glōriaque tibi venient , nam tuum nōmen magnī poētae cum meō iungent . "

Athēnīs [ 1 ] vīvēbant Thēseus [ 2 ] eiusque pater , rēx Aegeus [ 3 ] . Illō tempore cīvēs rēgī īnsulae Crētae [ 4 ] poenās dabant : VII puerōs et eundem numerum puellārum ad eum mittēbant . Haec miserae victimae Mīnōtaurō [ 5 ] suās vītās dabant . Suō patrī Thēseus dīxit , " Hunc malum mōrem tolerāre nōn possum ! Ego ipse Mīnōtaurum nōn timeō . Istum inveniam et , sī poterō , meīs vīribus vincam . Dīs meam fortūnam committō . Alba vēla vidēbis , ō mī pater , sī mortem fugiam . " Itaque Thēseus sē cum aliīs victimīs iūnxit et trāns mare ad Crētam nāvigāvit . Ibi suō labōre Mīnōtaurum superāre et arte Ariadnae [ 6 ] , suae amīcae , fugere poterat .

Aegeus suum fīlium in scopulō diū exspectāverat ; nunc nāvem ipsam suī fīliī vidēre poterat . Sed vēla nigra , nōn alba sunt ! Stultus Thēseus suum cōnsilium memoriā nōn tenuerat ; vēla nōn mūtāverat . Miser Aegeus sine morā sē iēcit in mare " Aegaeum " .

Achillēs [ 1 ] nōn sōlum vir fortis potēnsque , sed etiam Thetidis [ 2 ] deae fīlius erat . Ille cum Agamemnone [ 3 ] aliīsque Graecīs Trōiam vēnerat et bellum longum difficileque gesserat . Sed nunc post IX annōs īra ācris eum movēbat ; nam fēminam captīvam eī cāram Agamemnōn cēperat . Itaque Achillēs mātrem suam vocāvit : " Iuvā mē ! " In marī Thetis eum audīvit et ad eum cucurrit : " Tuās sententiās intellegō , mī dulcis fīlī , " dīxit . " Omnēs Graecī tē magnō in honōre habēre dēbent ; sine tē enim Trōiānōs vincere nōn possunt . Cōgitā haec : sī nunc hōc ex bellō fugiēs , tibi erit parva glōria , sed vīta longa ; sī autem hōc locō manēbis , magnam glōriam inveniēs , sed tuam vītam āmittēs . "

" Ō beāta māter , bonum animum habē ! " dīxit Achillēs . " Omnibus hominibus vīta brevis est . Ego ipse celerem mortem nōn timeō . Sed , quoniam īra mē tenet , bellum nōn geram . " Quam magna est vīs īrae !