Allie Anderson

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Allie Anderson /
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Final Project LATN 218

Allie Anderson /
  • Created on 2021-12-08 21:06:17
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Section 13, book 2 of Tusculan Disputations by Cicero
Latin
English
Haec est copia verborum , quod omnes uno verbo ‘malum’ appellamus , id tot modis posse dicere . Definis tu Mihi , non tollis dolorem
cum dicis asperum , contra naturam , vix quod ferri tolerarique possit nec mentiris : sed re Succumbere non oportebat verbis gloriantem . ‘Nihil bonum , nisi quod honestum , nihil malum , nisi quod turpe . Optare hoc quidem est non docere .

Illud et melius et verius , omnia , quae natura aspernetur , in malis esse , quae adiscascat , in bonis . Hoc posito et verborum concertatione sublata tantum tamen excellet illud , quod recte amplexantur isti , - quod honestum , quod rectum , quod decorum appellamus , quod idem interdum virtutis nomine amplectimur- ut omnia praeterea , quae bona corporis et fortunae putantur , perexigua et minuta videantur , nec malum ullum , ne si in unum locum quidem conlata omnia sint , cum turpitudinis malo compatanda . Quare si , ut initio concessisti , turpitudo peius est quam dolor , nihil est plane dolor . Nam dum tibi turpe nec dignum viro videbitur gemere , eiulare , lamentari , fragngi debilitari dolore , dum honestas , dum dignitas , dum decus aderit , tuque in ea intuens te continebis , cedet profecto virtuti dolor et animi inductione languescet .

Aut enim nulla virtus est aut contemnendus omnis dolr . Prudentiamne vis esse , sine qua ne intelliegi quidem ulla virtus potest ? Quid ergo ? Ea patienturne te quicquam facere nihil proficientem et frustra laborantem , an temperantia sinet te inmoderate facere quicquam , an coli iustitia poterit ab homine propter vim doloris enuntiante commissa , prodente conscios , multa officia relinquente ? Quid ? Fortitudini comitibusque eius , magnitudini animi , gravitati , patientiae , rerum humanarum despicientiae quo modo respondebis ? Adflictusne et iacens et lamentabili voce deplorans audies : ‘O virum fortem ! Te vero ita adfectum ne virum quidem quisquam dixerit . Amittenda igitur fortitudo est aut sepeliendus dolor .
Here are many words to express that by so many different forms , which we call by the single word , evil . You are defining pain , instead of removing it , when you say , it is disagreeable , unnatural , scarcely possible to be endured or borne : nor are you wrong in saying so ; but the man who vaunts himself in such a manner should not give way in his conduct , if it be true that nothing is good but what is honest , and nothing evil but what is disgraceful . This would be wishing , not proving .

This argument is a better one , and has more truth in it , that all things which nature abhors are to be looked upon as evil ; that those which she approves of , are to be considered as good : for when this is admitted , and the dispute about words removed , that which they with reason embrace , and which we call honest , right , becoming , and sometimes include under the general name of virtue , appears so far superior to everything else , that all other things which are looked upon as the gifts of fortune , or the good things of the body , seem trifling and insignificant : and no evil whatever , nor all the collective body of evils together , appears to be compared to the evil of infamy . Therefore , if , as you granted in the beginning , infamy is worse than pain , pain is certainly nothing ; for while it appears to you base and unmanly to groan , cry out , lament , or faint under pain - while you cherish notions of probity , dignity , honour , and keeping your eye on them , refrain yourself - pain will certainly yield to virtue , and by the influence of imagination , will lose its whole force .

For you must either admit that there is no such thing as virtue , or you must despise every kind of pain . Will you allow of such a virtue as prudence , without which no virtue whatever can even be conceived ? What then ? will that suffer you to labour and take pains to no purpose ? Will temperance permit you to do anything to excess ? Will it be possible for justice to be maintained by one who through the force of pain discovers secrets , or betrays his confederates , or deserts many duties of life ? Will you act in a manner consistently with courage , and its attendants , greatness of soul , resolution , patience , and contempt for all worldly things ? Can you hear yourself called a great man , when you lie grovelling , dejected , and deploring your condition , with a lamentable voice ; no one would call you even a man , while in such a condition : you must therefore either abandon all pretensions to courage , or else pain must be put out of the question .

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