Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
University of Michigan
Achaemenid (Persian) royal inscriptions written in Akkadian.
Artaxerxes I 01
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-27 17:58:56
- Modified on 2023-06-27 18:20:31
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Artaxerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Artaxerxes I 01. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007250/).
Akkadian
English
iš-ten [ ina LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu ] iš-ten ina [ mu-te-e-me ma-du-ú-tu ] a-na-ku { m } ar-ta-ak-šá-as-su [ LUGAL GAL-ú ] LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . [ MEŠ šá nap-ḫar li-šá-nu ] LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-⸢ga⸣- [ a-ta GAL-ti ru-uq-qu-ti A ] { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši-ʾ [ LUGAL A { m } da-a-ri-ia-muš LUGAL ] a-ḫa-ma- [ an-ni-iš-ši-ʾ ] ar-ta-ak-⸢šá⸣- [ as-su LUGAL GAL-u i-qab-bi ] i-na GIŠ . MI [ šá da-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ ] É a-ga-a [ šá { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši-ʾ LUGAL ] AD-ú-a [ at-tu-ú-a . . . a-na-ku ] e-te-pu-uš a-na- [ ku { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ ] li-iṣ-ṣur-an- [ ni it-ti DINGIR . MEŠ ga-ab-bi ] ù LUGAL-ú-ti-⸢ia⸣ [ ù šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš-šu ]
.
.
.
one
among
many
kings
,
one
among
many
rulers
.
I
am
Artaxerxes
(
II
)
,
Great
King
,
king
of
kings
,
king
of
countries
of
the
totality
of
tongues
,
king
of
this
great
,
wide
earth
,
son
of
Xerxes
(
I
)
the
King
,
descendant
of
Darius
(
the
King
)
,
an
Achaemenian
.
Artaxerxes
(
II
)
the
Great
King
says
:
by
the
favor
of
Ahuramazda
,
this
house
which
?
King
Xerxes
(
I
)
,
my
father
(
built
?
)
,
I
built
.
Me
may
Ahuramazda
protect
,
along
with
all
the
other
gods
,
and
my
kingdom
,
and
what
I
built
.
Artaxerxes I 02
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-27 18:12:09
- Modified on 2023-06-27 18:20:39
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Artaxerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Artaxerxes I 02. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007251/).
Artaxerxes III 02
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-27 18:40:37
- Modified on 2023-06-27 19:01:21
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Artaxerxes III, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Artaxerxes III 02. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007282/).
Akkadian
English
[ i-qá-bi ar-tak-šat-su ša-ar-ri GAL-ú ša-ar-ri šá sa-ar-ra-ni ša-ar-ri KUR . « MEŠ » šá ina ] [ muḫ-ḫi qaq-qar gab-bi IBILA šá ar-tak ] -⸢šat⸣-su ša-ar ar-tak-⸢šat⸣- [ su IBILA ša da-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL ] [ da-ri-ia-muš IBILA ša ar-tak-šat-su LUGAL ar-tak-šat ] -su IBILA ša ḫi-ši-ar-šu šar- [ ri ḫi-ši-ar-šu IBILA ša da-ri-ia-muš ] [ LUGAL da-ri-ia-muš IBILA ša uš-tas-pu uš ] -⸢tas⸣-pu IBILA ša ar-šam ar-šam-mu a- [ ḫa-ma-ni-ši-Iʾ i-qá-bi ] [ ar-tak-šat-su LUGAL GAL a-ga-šum bi-it ] ša-a-šu ana-ku a-ga-mar-šu ba-nu-ú ri-ši ul [ . . . ] ku ina GIŠ . MI da-ḫu-ru-mu-uz-da É ar- [ ku-ú . . . ] -ú ip-šú i-tu-ri i-qá-bi ar-tak- [ šat-su LUGAL da-ḫu-ru-mu-uz-da ] [ an-na-i-tu u { d } mi-it-ri ana-ku ] li-su-ru-uʾ la-pa-ni [ bi-i-ši gab-bi u ša ana-ku e-pu-uš-šu ]
Proclaims
Artaxerxes
,
the
Great
King
,
the
King
of
Kings
,
the
King
of
lands
that
are
(
in
the
entire
world
)
,
son
of
Artaxerxes
,
the
king
;
Artaxerxes
(
was
)
the
son
of
Darius
the
king
;
Darius
(
was
)
the
son
of
Artaxerxes
,
the
king
;
Artaxerxes
(
was
)
the
son
of
Xerxes
,
the
king
;
Xerxes
(
was
)
the
son
of
Darius
the
king
;
Darius
was
the
son
of
Hystaspes
;
Hystaspes
was
the
son
of
Arsames
;
Arsames
(
was
)
from
Achaimenes
house
.
Proclaims
Artaxerxes
,
the
Great
King
:
I
complete
this
house
.
The
builder
of
the
front
did
not
.
.
.
Under
the
protection
of
Ahuramazda
,
I
built
the
back
house
.
.
.
(
which
)
is
built
.
Repeats
(
and
)
proclaims
Artaxerxes
,
the
king
:
May
Ahuramazda
,
Anahita
and
Mithra
protect
me
from
all
things
repulsive
and
what
I
have
built
.
Cyrus II 02
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-27 19:00:30
- Modified on 2023-06-27 19:02:11
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Cyrus II (the Great), as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Cyrus II 02. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q006654/).
Xerxes I 05
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-29 21:40:54
- Modified on 2023-06-29 21:41:39
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 05. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007209/).
Akkadian
English
[ DINGIR GAL-ú { d } ] a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-ʾ id-din-nu šá AN-e an-⸢nu⸣-ú-tu id-din-nu šá a-me-lu-ú-⸢tú id⸣-din-nu šá dum-qí a-na a-me-lu-ú-tú id-din-nu šá a-na { m } ḫi-ši⸣-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL ib-nu-ú iš-ten ina LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu iš-ten ina mu-te-ʾ-e-me ma-du-ú-tu a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ar li-šá-nu . MEŠ LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a-ta ⸢GAL-ti ru⸣-uq-qu-ti DUMU šá { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa- [ ma-an-ni ] -⸢iš⸣-ši-ʾ { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ KÁ a-ga-a ú-ʾ-is-pi-da-a-ʾ-i MU-šú a-na-ku e-te-pu-uš u šá-nu-ú-ti-ma ma-du-ú-tu bab-ba-nu-ú-tu e-te-pu-uš ina KUR par-sa a-ga-ʾ ⸢šá⸣ [ a-na-ku e-pu-uš ] -šu u šá AD-ú-a [ i ] -pu-uš-šu u šá ép-šá-ʾ ⸢im-mar-ru⸣ bab-ba-nu-ú ul-lu-ú-tu gab-bi ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ ni-te-pu-uš { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ a-na-ku li-iṣ-ṣur-an-ni u šá a-na LUGAL-ú-ti-ia u KUR . KUR . MEŠ-ia u šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš-šu u šá AD-ú-a i-pu-uš-šu ul-lu-ú-um-ma { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
who
created
this
earth
,
who
created
that
sky
,
who
created
mankind
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
mankind
,
who
made
Xerxes
king
,
one
among
many
kings
,
one
among
many
rulers
.
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda this gate , called All Lands , I built and many other fine things I built in this country Parsa , which I built and which my father built . And what was built , ( what is ) is seen , fine , all those things by the favor of Ahuramazda we built . Xerxes the King says : May Ahuramazda protect me . And what ( is ) for my kingship and my countries , and what I built and what my father built--those things may Ahuramazda protect .
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda this gate , called All Lands , I built and many other fine things I built in this country Parsa , which I built and which my father built . And what was built , ( what is ) is seen , fine , all those things by the favor of Ahuramazda we built . Xerxes the King says : May Ahuramazda protect me . And what ( is ) for my kingship and my countries , and what I built and what my father built--those things may Ahuramazda protect .
Xerxes I 06
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-29 22:42:02
- Modified on 2023-06-29 22:42:26
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 06. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007210/).
Akkadian
English
DINGIR GAL-ú { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a id-din-nu šá AN-e an-nu-tú id-din-nu šá LÚ-lut-ti id-din-nu šá dum-qí a-na LÚ . UN . MEŠ id-din-nu šá LUGAL-ú-ti a-na { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši id-din-nu iš-ten a-na LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu iš-ten mu-te-ʾ-e-ʾ ma-du-ú-tu a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ri li-šá-nu . MEŠ LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a-ta GAL-ti ru-uq-qu-ti A { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa-ma-an-niš-ši-ʾ { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú i-qab-bi i-na GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ É a-ga-a a-na-ku e-te-pu-ús-su { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ a-na-ku li-iṣ-ṣur-an-ni it-ti DINGIR . MEŠ a-na LUGAL-ú-ti-ia u a-na šá e-pu-uš-šu
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
who
created
this
earth
,
who
created
that
sky
,
who
created
mankind
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
people
,
who
gave
kingship
to
Xerxes
,
one
for
many
kings
,
one
ruler
of
many
.
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda this house I built . May Ahuramazda protect me , with the gods , my kingdom and what I made .
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda this house I built . May Ahuramazda protect me , with the gods , my kingdom and what I made .
Xerxes I 07
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-29 22:58:31
- Modified on 2023-06-29 23:17:40
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 07. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007211/).
Akkadian
English
DINGIR ra-bu-ú { d } a-ḫu-ur-ma-az-da-ʾ šá AN-e ib-nu-ú ù er-ṣe-tim a-ga-a-ta ib-nu-ú šá UN . MEŠ ib-nu-ú šá du-un-qu a-na UN . MEŠ id-din-nu šá a-na { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-šá-ʾ LUGAL ib-nu-ú LUGAL šá LUGAL . LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tum šá e-diš-ši-šú a-na nap-ḫa-ar KUR . KUR . MEŠ ga-ab-bi ú-ta-ʾ-a-ma a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-šá-ʾ LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ar li-šá-nu ga-ab-bi LUGAL qaq-qa-ri a-ga-a-ta ra-bi-i-ti ra-pa-áš-tum A { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa-ma-an-ni-iš-ši-ʾ { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-šá-ʾ LUGAL GAL-ú i-qá-ab-bi i-na ṣi-il-li šá { d } a-ḫu-ur-ma-az-da-ʾ bi-it a-ga-a { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL AD-ú-a at-tu-ú-a i-te-pu-ús-su a-na-ku { d } a-ḫu-ur-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur-an-ni it-ti DINGIR . MEŠ ga-ab-bi ù šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš-šu ù šá { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL AD-ú-a at-tu-ú-a i-pu-uš-šu ù a-ga-šu-ú { d } a-ḫu-ur-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur it-ti DINGIR . MEŠ ga-ab-bi
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
,
who
created
the
sky
and
created
this
earth
,
who
created
people
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
people
,
who
created
Xerxes
the
King
,
a
king
of
many
kings
,
who
alone
rules
over
the
totality
of
all
lands
.
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of all tongues , king of this great , wide earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : Under the protection of Ahuramazda this house Darius the King , my own father , built . Me may Ahuramazda protect , along with all the gods , and what I built and what Darius the King , my own father , built , also that may Ahuramazda protect along with all the gods .
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of all tongues , king of this great , wide earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : Under the protection of Ahuramazda this house Darius the King , my own father , built . Me may Ahuramazda protect , along with all the gods , and what I built and what Darius the King , my own father , built , also that may Ahuramazda protect along with all the gods .
Xerxes I 08
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-29 23:17:06
- Modified on 2023-06-29 23:17:30
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 08. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007212/).
Akkadian
English
DINGIR GAL-ú { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a id-din-nu šá AN-e an-nu-ti id-din-nu šá LÚ-lut-ti id-din-nu šá dum-qí a-na LÚ . UN . MEŠ id-din-nu šá LUGAL-ú-ti a-na { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši id-din-nu iš-ten a-na LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu iš-ten i-te-ʾ-e-ʾ ma-du-ú-tu a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ar li-šá-nu . MEŠ LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a-ta GAL-ti ru-uq-qu-ti A { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa-ma-an-niš-ši-ʾ { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú i-qab-bi šá a-na-ku a-gan-na e-pu-uš-šu u ina qaq-qa-ru šá-nam-ma e-pu-uš-šu gab-bi ma-la e-pu-uš-šu i-na GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ e-te-pu-uš a-na-ku { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-⸢ṣur⸣-an-ni it-ti DINGIR . MEŠ u a-na LUGAL-ú- [ ti-ia u a-na ] šá e-pu-uš-šu
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
who
created
this
earth
,
who
created
that
sky
,
who
created
mankind
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
people
,
who
gave
kingship
to
Xerxes
,
one
for
many
kings
,
one
ruler
of
many
.
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king in this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : What I built here and built in another place , all that I built by the favor of Ahuramazda I built . Me may Ahuramazda protect , along with the gods , and my kingdom , and what I built .
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king in this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the Great King says : What I built here and built in another place , all that I built by the favor of Ahuramazda I built . Me may Ahuramazda protect , along with the gods , and my kingdom , and what I built .
Xerxes I 10
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-06-30 18:00:03
- Modified on 2023-06-30 18:06:53
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 10. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007214/).
Akkadian
English
DINGIR GAL-ú { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-ʾ id-din-nu šá AN-e an-nu-ú-tu id-din-nu šá a-me-lu-ú-tú id-din-nu šá dum-qí a-na LÚ . UN . MEŠ id-din-nu šá a-na { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL ib-nu-ú iš-ten a-na LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu iš-ten mu-te-ʾ-e-mu ma-du-ú-tu a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ar li-šá-nu . MEŠ LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a-ta GAL-ti ru-uq-qu-ti DUMU { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa-ma-an-ni-iš-ši-ʾ { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi AD-ú-a at-tu-ú-a { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš AD šá { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš { m } uš-ta-as-pu MU-šú AD šá { m } uš-ta-as-pu { m } ar-šá-am MU-šú u { m } uš-ta-as-pu u { m } ar-šá-am ki-lal-šú-nu ba-al-ṭu-ú al-la-ʾ { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-bi-ú-šu iṣ-ṣi-e-bi { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš AD-ú-a at-tu-ú-a a-na šá-a-áš-šú a-na LUGAL i-te-pu-uš šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-ʾ ul-tu muḫ-ḫi šá { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš a-na LUGAL i-tu-ru ma-di-iš bab-ba-nu-ú i-te-pu-uš { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš DUMU . MEŠ-šú šá-nu-ú-tu i-ba-áš { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-bi-ú-šu iṣ-ṣi-e-bi { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš AD-ú-a at-tu-ú-a ár-ki ra-ma-an-ni-i-šú a-na-ku GAL-ú il-ta-kan-an-ni ul-tu muḫ-ḫi šá AD-ú-a { m } da-a-ri-ia-a-muš ši-im-it il-li-i-ki ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ a-na-ku a-na LUGAL at-tu-ru ku-mu AD-ia ina GIŠ . GU . ZA-šú ul-tu muḫ-ḫi šá a-na-ku a-na LUGAL a-tu-ú-ru ma-di-iš bab-ba-nu-ú e-te-pu-uš šá AD-ú-a i-pu-uš a-ga-šu-ú a-na-ku at-ta-aṣ-ar u šá-nu-ú-tum-šu a-na muḫ-ḫi uš-te-e-qí u šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš u šá AD-ú-a i-pu-uš ul-lu-ú gab-bi ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ ni-te-pu-uš { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi a-na-ku { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur-an-ni it-ti LUGAL-ú-tu-ia u šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš u šá AD-ú-a i-pu-uš ul-lu-ú { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
who
created
this
earth
,
who
created
that
sky
,
who
created
mankind
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
mankind
,
who
gave
kingship
to
Xerxes
,
one
among
many
kings
,
one
ruler
of
many
.
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the King says : My father was Darius ; the father of Darius was Hystaspes by name ; the father of Hystaspes was Arsames by name . Both Hystaspes and Arsames , both of them were alive and yet ? — Ahuramazda desired in his heart — Darius , my father , him king he made , ( king ) of this earth . After Darius became king , he made very much ( that was ) excellent .
Xerxes the King says : Darius , there were other sons of his — Ahuramazda desired in his heart — Darius my father , after himself me he made great . After my father Darius went to ( his ) fate , by the favor of Ahuramazda I became king in place of my father on his throne . After I became king I built very much ( that was ) excellent . What my father built , that I protected , and other things I added ? to it . Both what I built and what my father built , all that by the favor of Ahuramazda we have built . Xerxes the King says : Me may Ahuramazda protect , with my kingdom , and what I built and what my father built — those things may Ahuramazda protect .
I am Xerxes the Great King , King of Kings , king of lands of the totality of tongues , king of this great , far earth , son of King Darius , an Achaemenian . Xerxes the King says : My father was Darius ; the father of Darius was Hystaspes by name ; the father of Hystaspes was Arsames by name . Both Hystaspes and Arsames , both of them were alive and yet ? — Ahuramazda desired in his heart — Darius , my father , him king he made , ( king ) of this earth . After Darius became king , he made very much ( that was ) excellent .
Xerxes the King says : Darius , there were other sons of his — Ahuramazda desired in his heart — Darius my father , after himself me he made great . After my father Darius went to ( his ) fate , by the favor of Ahuramazda I became king in place of my father on his throne . After I became king I built very much ( that was ) excellent . What my father built , that I protected , and other things I added ? to it . Both what I built and what my father built , all that by the favor of Ahuramazda we have built . Xerxes the King says : Me may Ahuramazda protect , with my kingdom , and what I built and what my father built — those things may Ahuramazda protect .
Xerxes I 12
Alex Forbes / Akkadian Royal Inscriptions / Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions
- Created on 2023-07-03 18:13:53
- Modified on 2023-07-03 22:49:08
- Translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon
- Aligned by Alex Forbes
A royal inscription of Achaemenid king Xerxes I, as translated by Henry Heitmann-Gordon (Heitmann-Gordon, H. (2019). Xerxes I 12. ARIo: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions online. http://oracc.org/ario/Q007216/).
Akkadian
English
DINGIR GAL-ú { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ šá qaq-qa-ru a-ga-ʾ id-din-nu šá AN-e an-nu-ú-tu id-din-nu šá a-me-lu-ú-tú id-din-nu šá dum-qí a-na LÚ . UN . MEŠ id-din-nu šá a-na { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL ib-nu-ú iš-tén a-na LUGAL . MEŠ ma-du-ú-tu iš-tén mu-te-ʾ-e-mu ma-du-ú-tu a-na-ku { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL GAL-ú LUGAL LUGAL . MEŠ LUGAL KUR . KUR . MEŠ šá nap-ḫa-ar li-šá-nu . MEŠ LUGAL qaq-qa-ru a-ga-a-ta GAL-ti ru-uq-qu-ti DUMU { m ] da-a-ri-ia-a-muš LUGAL { m } a-ḫa-ma-an-ni-iš-ši-ʾ LÚ . pa-ar-sa-a-a DUMU LÚ . pa-ar-sa-a-a ar-ri-i ar-ri-i ši-tir { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ KUR . KUR . MEŠ an-ni-e-ti šá a-na-ku LUGAL-šú-nu e-lat KUR pa-ar-su a-na-ku ina muḫ-ḫi-šú-nu šá-al-aṭ-ak man-da-at-šú-nu a-na-ku i-na-šu-un-nu šá ul-tu pa-ni-ia iq-qa-ba-áš-ši-nu-tu šá-a-áš ip-pu-šu-ú da-a-ta at-tu-ú-a šá-a-áš ku-ul-lu-ú KUR . ma-da-a-a KUR . NIM . MA . KI KUR . ar-ra-ḫu-ut KUR . ur-áš-ṭu KUR . za-ra-an-ga KUR . pa-ar-tu-ú KUR . ar-ri-e-me KUR . ba-a-ḫa-ta-ar KUR . su-gu-du KUR . ḫu-ma-ʾ-ra-za-am KUR . DIN . TIR . KI KUR aš-šur KUR . sa-at-a-gu-uš KUR . sa-pa-ar-da KUR . mi-ṣir KUR . ia-a-man-na šá ina ÍD . mar-rat áš-bu-ú u šá a-ḫu-ul-lu-ú šá ÍD . mar-rat áš-bu-ú KUR . ma-ak KUR . ar-ba-a-a KUR . gan-da-ar KUR . in-du-ú KUR . ka-at-pa-tuk KUR . da-a-an KUR gi-mi-ir ú-mar-ga KUR gi-mi-ir ti-gír-ḫu-ú-du KUR . is-ku-du- « ru » KUR . a-ku-pi-i-iš KUR . pu-ú-ṭu KUR . ba-an-ni-e-šú KUR . ku-ú-šu { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi ul-tu muḫ-ḫi šá a-na-ku a-na LUGAL a-tu-ru i-ba-áš i-na KUR . KUR . MEŠ an-ni-e-ti šá IGI-ú ina pa-ni šá-ṭar A . AN u ik-ki-ru-ú ár-ki { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-se-da-an-ni ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ KUR . KUR . MEŠ ši-in a-na-ku a-du-uk u ina qaq-qa-ru-šú-nu ul-te-ši-ib-šú-nu-tu u ina KUR . KUR . MEŠ an-ni-e-ti i-ba-áš a-šar IGI-ú a-na lem-nu . MEŠ i-sin-nu ip-pu-šu-ú ár-ki ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ a-na-ku É lem-nu . MEŠ an-nu-tu at-ta-pa-al u ap-te-qir um-ma i-sin-nu a-na lem-nu . MEŠ la te-ep-pu-šá-ʾ a-šar IGI-ú i-sin-nu a-na lem-nu . MEŠ ép-šu ina li-ib-bi a-na-ku a-na da-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-sin-nu e-te-pu-uš ar-ta-šá-ʾ bi-ra-za-am-man-ni-i u šá-nu-ú i-ba-áš šá bi-i-ši ép-šu ul-lu-ú a-na-ku bab-ba-nu-ú e-te-pu-uš a-ga-ʾ šá a-na-ku e-pu-uš gab-bi ina GIŠ . MI šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ e-te-pu-uš { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-se-da-an-ni a-di-i muḫ-ḫi šá ga-a-mar e-pu-uš at-ta man-nu šá ina ár-ki-i ki-i ta-qa-bu-ú um-ma dum-qí ina ba-la-ṭu-ia lu-mu-ur u ina mi-it-ú-ti-ia a-na ar-ta-a-ma lu-ú-tu-ru ina da-a-ta an-na-ʾ si-i-gi šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-mi-li-i-ki a-na { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-sin-nu e-pu-uš ar-ta-šá-ʾ bi-ra-za-am-man-ni-i a-me-lu šá ina da-a-ta an-na-ʾ i-se-gu-ú šá { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ i-mi-li-i-ki u i-sin-nu a-na { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ ip-pu-uš ar-ta-šá-ʾ bi-ra-za-am-man-ni-i ul-lu-ú dum-qí ina ba-la-ṭu-šú i-ma-ar u mi-i-ti a-na ar-ta-a-ma i-ta-ar { m } ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši LUGAL i-qab-bi a-na-ku { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-iṣ-ṣur-an-ni la-pa-ni-im-ma bi-i-ši É . ḪI . A u KUR . KUR . MEŠ an-ni-e-ti a-ga-ʾ a-na-ku a-na { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ e-ri-iš an-na-ʾ { d } a-ḫu-ru-ma-az-da-ʾ li-i-din-nu
A
great
god
is
Ahuramazda
who
created
this
earth
,
who
created
that
sky
,
who
created
mankind
,
who
gave
good
fortune
to
people
,
who
made
Xerxes
king
,
one
among
many
kings
,
one
ruler
of
many
.
I
am
Xerxes
the
Great
King
,
King
of
Kings
,
king
of
lands
of
the
totality
of
tongues
,
king
of
this
great
,
far
earth
,
son
of
King
Darius
,
an
Achaemenian
,
a
Persian
,
son
of
a
Persian
,
an
Aryan
,
of
Aryan
stock
.
Xerxes the King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda , these are the countries whose king I am , except for Persia . I am ruler over them . They bear me their tribute . What is said to them from me , that they do . My edict , that they hold . Media , Elam , Arachosia , Urartu , Drangiana , Parthia , Aria , Bactria , Sogdia , Chorasmia , Babylonia , Assyria , Sattagydia , Sardis , Egypt , the Ionians who dwell in the ocean and who dwell on the other side of the ocean , Maka , Arabians , Gandara , India , Cappadocia , Dahai , Amyrgian Cimmerians , Pointed-Cap Cimmerians , Skudra , Akaufaka , Libya , Caria , Ethiopia .
erxes the King says : After I became king , there was among these lands which previously before ? are written — and they became rebellious . Afterwards , Ahuramazda aided me . By the favor of Ahuramazda , these lands I smote , and I caused them to well in their territories . And among these lands there is a place where previously they performed religious rites for evil ones . Afterwards , by the favor of Ahuramazda , I tore down the house of those evil ones and I made a prohibition ? , thus : " You must not perform religious rites for the evil ones ! " Where previously religious rites were performed for evil ones , therein I performed religious rites for Ahuramazda , at the proper time and in the proper manner ? . And another thing there was that was done for ill . That I made excellent . That which I did , all by the favor of Ahuramazda I did . Ahuramazda aided me until I did everything . You who ( are ) afterwards , if you should say thus " May I experience good fortune while I am alive , and on my death may I turn into the blessed , " observe that law which Ahuramazda counsels ? . Perform religious rites for Ahuramazda at the proper time and in the proper manner . A man who observes that law which Ahuramazda counsels , and performs religious rites for Ahuramazda at the proper time and in the proper manner , that one will experience good fortune in his lifetime , and dead he will turn into the blessed .
Xerxes the King says : Me may Ahuramazda protect from evil , ( as well as ) the households and these lands . This I ask of Ahuramazda , this may Ahuramazda grant .
Xerxes the King says : By the favor of Ahuramazda , these are the countries whose king I am , except for Persia . I am ruler over them . They bear me their tribute . What is said to them from me , that they do . My edict , that they hold . Media , Elam , Arachosia , Urartu , Drangiana , Parthia , Aria , Bactria , Sogdia , Chorasmia , Babylonia , Assyria , Sattagydia , Sardis , Egypt , the Ionians who dwell in the ocean and who dwell on the other side of the ocean , Maka , Arabians , Gandara , India , Cappadocia , Dahai , Amyrgian Cimmerians , Pointed-Cap Cimmerians , Skudra , Akaufaka , Libya , Caria , Ethiopia .
erxes the King says : After I became king , there was among these lands which previously before ? are written — and they became rebellious . Afterwards , Ahuramazda aided me . By the favor of Ahuramazda , these lands I smote , and I caused them to well in their territories . And among these lands there is a place where previously they performed religious rites for evil ones . Afterwards , by the favor of Ahuramazda , I tore down the house of those evil ones and I made a prohibition ? , thus : " You must not perform religious rites for the evil ones ! " Where previously religious rites were performed for evil ones , therein I performed religious rites for Ahuramazda , at the proper time and in the proper manner ? . And another thing there was that was done for ill . That I made excellent . That which I did , all by the favor of Ahuramazda I did . Ahuramazda aided me until I did everything . You who ( are ) afterwards , if you should say thus " May I experience good fortune while I am alive , and on my death may I turn into the blessed , " observe that law which Ahuramazda counsels ? . Perform religious rites for Ahuramazda at the proper time and in the proper manner . A man who observes that law which Ahuramazda counsels , and performs religious rites for Ahuramazda at the proper time and in the proper manner , that one will experience good fortune in his lifetime , and dead he will turn into the blessed .
Xerxes the King says : Me may Ahuramazda protect from evil , ( as well as ) the households and these lands . This I ask of Ahuramazda , this may Ahuramazda grant .