Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Fluent Translation Alignment
Tufts University
Herodotus 2.35 - Fluent Translation Alignment
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Fluent Translation Alignment
- Created on 2017-04-29 05:26:36
- Modified on 2017-04-30 21:08:25
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
Νείλου μέν νυν πέρι τοσαῦτα εἰρήσθω : ἔρχομαι δὲ περὶ Αἰγύπτου μηκυνέων τὸν λόγον , ὅτι πλεῖστα θωμάσια ἔχει ἢ ἡ ἄλλη πᾶσα χώρη καὶ ἔργα λόγου μέζω παρέχεται πρὸς πᾶσαν χώρην τούτων εἵνεκα πλέω περὶ αὐτῆς εἰρήσεται . Αἰγύπτιοι ἅμα τῷ οὐρανῷ τῷ κατὰ σφέας ἐόντι ἑτεροίῳ καὶ τῷ ποταμῷ φύσιν ἀλλοίην παρεχομένῳ ἢ οἱ ἄλλοι ποταμοί , τὰ πολλὰ πάντα ἔμπαλιν τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι ἐστήσαντο ἤθεά τε καὶ νόμους : ἐν τοῖσι αἱ μὲν γυναῖκες ἀγοράζουσι καὶ καπηλεύουσι , οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες κατ᾽ οἴκους ἐόντες ὑφαίνουσι : ὑφαίνουσι δὲ οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι ἄνω τὴν κρόκην ὠθέοντες , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ κάτω . τὰ ἄχθεα οἱ μὲν ἄνδρες ἐπὶ τῶν κεφαλέων φορέουσι , αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων . οὐρέουσι αἱ μὲν γυναῖκες ὀρθαί , οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες κατήμενοι . εὐμαρείῃ χρέωνται ἐν τοῖσι οἴκοισι , ἐσθίουσι δὲ ἔξω ἐν τῇσι ὁδοῖσι ἐπιλέγοντες ὡς τὰ μὲν αἰσχρὰ ἀναγκαῖα δὲ ἐν ἀποκρύφῳ ἐστὶ ποιέειν χρεόν , τὰ δὲ μὴ αἰσχρὰ ἀναφανδόν . ἱρᾶται γυνὴ μὲν οὐδεμία οὔτε ἔρσενος θεοῦ οὔτε θηλέης , ἄνδρες δὲ πάντων τε καὶ πασέων . τρέφειν τοὺς τοκέας τοῖσι μὲν παισὶ οὐδεμία ἀνάγκη μὴ βουλομένοισι , τῇσι δὲ θυγατράσι πᾶσα ἀνάγκη καὶ μὴ βουλομένῃσι .
Enough
has
been
said
about
the
Nile
.
But
now
I
will
speak
at
great
length
concerning
Egypt
because
it
has
more
amazing
features
than
any
other
land
and
it
offers
more
monuments
in
comparison
to
the
world
than
words
can
account
.
For
these
reasons
I
will
say
more
about
Egypt
.
Because
the
Egyptians
have
both
a
different
climate
and
a
river
with
a
different
nature
than
other
rivers
,
in
almost
all
respects
they
have
established
customs
and
laws
differently
than
other
people
.
For
example
,
the
women
go
to
market
and
buy
and
sell
,
but
the
men
,
who
remain
at
home
,
weave
.
But
while
other
people
weave
pushing
the
thread
that
goes
between
the
threads
of
the
loom
up
as
they
work
,
the
Egyptians
push
this
thread
down
.
Egyptian
men
carry
burdens
on
their
heads
,
but
the
women
carry
them
on
their
shoulders
.
Egyptian
women
pee
standing
up
,
but
the
men
while
sitting
down
.
They
relieve
themselves
inside
their
homes
,
but
they
eat
outside
on
the
street
,
saying
that
things
that
are
embarrassing
but
necessary
should
be
done
in
secret
,
but
things
that
are
not
embarrassing
should
be
done
out
in
the
open
.
Not
a
single
woman
becomes
a
priestess
of
either
male
or
female
gods
,
but
the
men
become
priests
of
both
the
male
and
female
gods
.
Sons
do
not
have
to
take
care
of
their
parents
if
they
don’t
want
to
,
but
daughters
must
take
care
of
their
parents
,
even
if
they
don’t
want
to
do
so
.
Herodotus 2.36 - Fluent Translation Alignment
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Fluent Translation Alignment
- Created on 2017-04-30 03:17:04
- Modified on 2017-04-30 21:08:34
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
οἱ ἱρέες τῶν θεῶν τῇ μὲν ἄλλῃ κομέουσι , ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δὲ ξυρῶνται . τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι νόμος ἅμα κήδεϊ κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλὰς τοὺς μάλιστα ἱκνέεται , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ὑπὸ τοὺς θανάτους ἀνιεῖσι τὰς τρίχας αὔξεσθαι τάς τε ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ τῷ γενείῳ , τέως ἐξυρημένοι . τοῖσι μὲν ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι χωρὶς θηρίων ἡ δίαιτα ἀποκέκριται , Αἰγυπτίοισι δὲ ὁμοῦ θηρίοισι ἡ δίαιτα ἐστί . ἀπὸ πυρῶν καὶ κριθέων ὧλλοι ζώουσι , Αἰγυπτίων δὲ τῷ ποιευμένῳ ἀπὸ τούτων τὴν ζόην ὄνειδος μέγιστον ἐστί , ἀλλὰ ἀπὸ ὀλυρέων ποιεῦνται σιτία , τὰς ζειὰς μετεξέτεροι καλέουσι . φυρῶσι τὸ μὲν σταῖς τοῖσι ποσί , τὸν δὲ πηλὸν τῇσι χερσί , καὶ τὴν κόπρον ἀναιρέονται . τὰ αἰδοῖα ὧλλοι μὲν ἐῶσι ὡς ἐγένοντο , πλὴν ὅσοι ἀπὸ τούτων ἔμαθον , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ περιτάμνονται . εἵματα τῶν μὲν ἀνδρῶν ἕκαστος ἔχει δύο , τῶν δὲ γυναικῶν ἓν ἑκάστη . τῶν ἱστίων τοὺς κρίκους καὶ τοὺς κάλους οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι ἔξωθεν προσδέουσι , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ἔσωθεν . γράμματα γράφουσι καὶ λογίζονται ψήφοισι Ἕλληνες μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀριστερῶν ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ φέροντες τὴν χεῖρα , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀριστερά : καὶ ποιεῦντες ταῦτα αὐτοὶ μὲν φασὶ ἐπὶ δεξιὰ ποιέειν , Ἕλληνας δὲ ἐπ᾽ἀριστερά . διφασίοισι δὲ γράμμασι χρέωνται , καὶ τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν ἱρὰ τὰ δὲ δημοτικὰ καλέεται .
The
priests
of
the
gods
everywhere
else
keep
their
hair
long
,
but
in
Egypt
the
priests
shave
their
hair
.
For
other
people
the
custom
is
to
have
their
heads
shaved
during
mourning
,
especially
for
those
who
are
most
closely
related
to
the
deceased
,
but
the
Egyptians
just
after
a
death
let
their
hair
down
and
grow
out
their
hair
on
their
heads
and
chins
,
while
they
are
clean
shaven
at
other
times
.
Other
people
live
separately
from
their
animals
,
but
the
Egyptians
live
alongside
their
animals
.
Other
people
live
on
wheat
and
barley
,
but
for
an
Egyptian
making
his
subsistence
on
these
foods
,
this
is
the
greatest
disgrace
,
but
they
make
grain
from
a
one-seeded
wheat
,
which
some
people
call
spelt
.
They
knead
this
grain
with
their
feet
,
but
they
knead
clay
with
their
hands
,
and
they
pick
up
dung
.
Other
people
allow
genitalia
to
be
as
they
were
born
,
except
for
those
who
have
learned
from
the
Egyptians
,
because
the
Egyptians
practiced
circumcision
.
Each
of
the
Egyptian
man
wears
two
garments
,
but
each
of
the
women
wears
only
one
.
The
rings
and
ropes
of
sails
other
men
tie
onto
their
ships
from
the
outside
,
but
the
Egyptians
tie
them
on
from
the
inside
.
The
Greeks
write
letters
and
calculate
sums
from
the
left
,
bearing
their
hand
on
the
righthand
side
,
but
the
Egyptians
do
so
from
the
right
,
bearing
their
hand
on
the
lefthand
side
:
and
while
doing
this
,
the
Egyptians
say
that
they
do
it
from
the
left
and
the
Greeks
do
it
from
the
right
.
They
use
two
types
of
letters
,
one
of
which
is
for
holy
matters
,
the
other
of
which
is
for
public
matters
.
Herodotus 2.50 - Fluent Translation
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Fluent Translation Alignment
- Created on 2017-04-30 21:16:44
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
σχεδὸν δὲ καὶ πάντων τὰ οὐνόματα τῶν θεῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐλήλυθε ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα . διότι μὲν γὰρ ἐκ τῶν βαρβάρων ἥκει , πυνθανόμενος οὕτω εὑρίσκω ἐόν : δοκέω δ᾽ ὦν μάλιστα ἀπ᾽ Αἰγύπτου ἀπῖχθαι . ὅτι γὰρ δὴ μὴ Ποσειδέωνος καὶ Διοσκούρων , ὡς καὶ πρότερόν μοι ταῦτα εἴρηται , καὶ Ἥρης καὶ Ἱστίης καὶ Θέμιος καὶ Χαρίτων καὶ Νηρηίδων , τῶν ἄλλων θεῶν Αἰγυπτίοισι αἰεί κοτε τὰ οὐνόματα ἐστὶ ἐν τῇ χώρῃ . λέγω δὲ τὰ λέγουσι αὐτοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι . τῶν δὲ οὔ φασι θεῶν γινώσκειν τὰ οὐνόματα , οὗτοι δέ μοι δοκέουσι ὑπὸ Πελασγῶν ὀνομασθῆναι , πλὴν Ποσειδέωνος : τοῦτον δὲ τὸν θεὸν παρὰ Λιβύων ἐπύθοντο : οὐδαμοὶ γὰρ ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς Ποσειδέωνος οὔνομα ἔκτηνται εἰ μὴ Λίβυες καὶ τιμῶσι τὸν θεὸν τοῦτον αἰεί . νομίζουσι δ᾽ ὦν Αἰγύπτιοι οὐδ᾽ ἥρωσι οὐδέν .
The
names
of
nearly
all
of
the
gods
came
to
Greece
from
Egypt
.
By
inquiring
,
I
find
that
it
is
so
,
the
fact
that
the
names
have
come
from
foreigners
and
not
Greeks
.
I
think
that
they
came
mostly
from
Egypt
.
As
I
mentioned
earlier
,
the
names
of
Poseidon
and
the
Dioscuri
did
not
,
nor
the
names
of
Hera
and
Hestia
and
Themis
and
the
Graces
and
the
Nereids
,
but
the
names
of
the
other
gods
of
the
Egyptians
were
always
present
in
Egypt
.
But
I
am
reporting
what
the
Egyptians
themselves
say
.
The
gods
whose
names
the
Egyptians
say
that
they
do
not
recognize
,
these
gods
seem
to
me
to
have
been
named
by
the
Pelasgians
,
except
for
Poseidon
.
They
learned
about
this
god
from
the
Libyans
.
For
no
one
acquired
the
name
of
Poseidon
from
the
very
beginning
if
it
was
not
the
Libyans
,
who
have
always
honored
this
god
.
The
Egyptians
do
not
worship
the
heroes
at
all
.
Herodotus 2.52 - Fluent Translation
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Fluent Translation Alignment
- Created on 2017-05-06 03:07:19
- Modified on 2017-05-06 03:23:52
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
ἔθυον δὲ πάντα πρότερον οἱ Πελασγοὶ θεοῖσι ἐπευχόμενοι , ὡς ἐγὼ ἐν Δωδώνῃ οἶδα ἀκούσας , ἐπωνυμίην δὲ οὐδ᾽ οὔνομα ἐποιεῦντο οὐδενὶ αὐτῶν : οὐ γὰρ ἀκηκόεσάν κω . θεοὺς δὲ προσωνόμασαν σφέας ἀπὸ τοῦ τοιούτου , ὅτι κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πάντα πρήγματα καὶ πάσας νομὰς εἶχον . ἔπειτα δὲ χρόνου πολλοῦ διεξελθόντος ἐπύθοντο ἐκ τῆς Αἰγύπτου ἀπικόμενα τὰ οὐνόματα τῶν θεῶν τῶν ἄλλων , Διονύσου δὲ ὕστερον πολλῷ ἐπύθοντο . καὶ μετὰ χρόνον ἐχρηστηριάζοντο περὶ τῶν οὐνομάτων ἐν Δωδώνῃ : τὸ γὰρ δὴ μαντήιον τοῦτο νενόμισται ἀρχαιότατον τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησι χρηστηρίων εἶναι , καὶ ἦν τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον μοῦνον . ἐπεὶ ὦν ἐχρηστηριάζοντο ἐν τῇ Δωδώνῃ οἱ Πελασγοὶ εἰ ἀνέλωνται τὰ οὐνόματα τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἥκοντα , ἀνεῖλε τὸ μαντήιον χρᾶσθαι . ἀπὸ μὲν δὴ τούτου τοῦ χρόνου ἔθυον τοῖσι οὐνόμασι τῶν θεῶν χρεώμενοι : παρὰ δὲ Πελασγῶν Ἕλληνες ἐξεδέξαντο ὕστερον .
The
Pelasgians
used
to
perform
all
of
their
sacrifices
praying
to
the
gods
,
I
know
because
I
heard
it
in
Dodona
,
but
they
made
these
sacrifices
without
knowing
the
epithet
or
name
of
any
one
of
the
gods
.
For
they
had
not
heard
of
their
names
at
this
point
.
But
they
called
these
spirits
θεοὺς
for
this
very
reason
,
the
fact
that
they
put
,
θέντες
,
all
matters
in
order
and
they
were
in
charge
of
all
of
the
distribution
of
domains
.
Then
,
after
much
time
had
passed
,
they
learned
the
names
of
the
other
gods
which
came
from
Egypt
,
but
much
later
they
learned
the
name
of
Dionysus
.
And
after
this
time
they
consulted
the
oracle
at
Dodona
concerning
the
names
of
the
gods
.
This
oracle
was
known
as
the
most
ancient
oracle
of
all
oracles
in
Greece
and
it
was
at
this
time
the
only
one
.
When
the
Pelasgians
consulted
the
oracle
at
Dodona
,
whether
they
should
adopt
the
names
of
the
gods
that
had
come
from
foreigners
,
the
oracle
answered
that
they
should
use
them
.
From
this
time
forward
they
were
sacrificing
to
the
gods
using
their
names
,
but
the
Hellenes
received
the
names
from
the
Pelasgians
later
on
.