Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Literal Translations
Tufts University
Herodotus 2.36 - Literal Translation
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Literal Translations
- Created on 2017-04-29 23:23:41
- Modified on 2017-04-30 15:59:01
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
οἱ ἱρέες τῶν θεῶν τῇ μὲν ἄλλῃ κομέουσι , ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δὲ ξυρῶνται . τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι νόμος ἅμα κήδεϊ κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλὰς τοὺς μάλιστα ἱκνέεται , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ὑπὸ τοὺς θανάτους ἀνιεῖσι τὰς τρίχας αὔξεσθαι τάς τε ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ τῷ γενείῳ , τέως ἐξυρημένοι . τοῖσι μὲν ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι χωρὶς θηρίων ἡ δίαιτα ἀποκέκριται , Αἰγυπτίοισι δὲ ὁμοῦ θηρίοισι ἡ δίαιτα ἐστί . ἀπὸ πυρῶν καὶ κριθέων ὧλλοι ζώουσι , Αἰγυπτίων δὲ τῷ ποιευμένῳ ἀπὸ τούτων τὴν ζόην ὄνειδος μέγιστον ἐστί , ἀλλὰ ἀπὸ ὀλυρέων ποιεῦνται σιτία , τὰς ζειὰς μετεξέτεροι καλέουσι . φυρῶσι τὸ μὲν σταῖς τοῖσι ποσί , τὸν δὲ πηλὸν τῇσι χερσί , καὶ τὴν κόπρον ἀναιρέονται . τὰ αἰδοῖα ὧλλοι μὲν ἐῶσι ὡς ἐγένοντο , πλὴν ὅσοι ἀπὸ τούτων ἔμαθον , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ περιτάμνονται . εἵματα τῶν μὲν ἀνδρῶν ἕκαστος ἔχει δύο , τῶν δὲ γυναικῶν ἓν ἑκάστη . τῶν ἱστίων τοὺς κρίκους καὶ τοὺς κάλους οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι ἔξωθεν προσδέουσι , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ἔσωθεν . γράμματα γράφουσι καὶ λογίζονται ψήφοισι Ἕλληνες μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀριστερῶν ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ φέροντες τὴν χεῖρα , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀριστερά : καὶ ποιεῦντες ταῦτα αὐτοὶ μὲν φασὶ ἐπὶ δεξιὰ ποιέειν , Ἕλληνας δὲ ἐπ᾽ἀριστερά . διφασίοισι δὲ γράμμασι χρέωνται , καὶ τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν ἱρὰ τὰ δὲ δημοτικὰ καλέεται .
The
priests
of
the
gods
in
other
land
(
s
)
let
their
hair
grow
long
,
but
in
Egypt
they
shave
it
.
For
other
people
(
it
is
)
law
at
the
same
time
as
mourning
to
have
heads
shaved
for
the
ones
whom
it
most
concerns
,
but
the
Egyptians
after
deaths
let
loose
their
hair
to
grow
it
both
on
their
head
and
on
their
chin
,
being
shaved
in
the
meantime
.
For
other
men
separately
from
animals
the
dwelling
is
set
apart
,
but
for
the
Egyptians
the
dwelling
is
together
with
animals
.
From
wheat
and
barley
others
live
,
but
for
someone
of
the
Egyptians
making
an
existence
from
these
(
foods
)
it
is
the
greatest
disgrace
,
but
they
make
grain
from
a
one-seeded
wheat
,
spelt
some
people
call
(
it
)
.
They
knead
the
dough
with
their
feet
,
but
the
clay
with
their
hands
,
and
they
pick
up
dung
.
Genitalia
others
allow
as
they
were
born
,
except
for
those
who
have
learned
from
these
men
,
the
Egyptians
practiced
circumcision
.
Each
of
the
men
has
two
garments
,
but
each
of
the
women
has
one
.
The
rings
and
ropes
of
sails
other
men
bind
from
the
outside
,
but
the
Egyptians
from
the
inside
.
The
Greeks
write
letters
and
count
with
pebbles
from
the
left
,
bearing
their
hand
on
the
right
,
but
the
Egyptians
from
the
right
on
the
left
:
and
doing
these
things
they
say
that
they
do
it
on
the
right
,
but
that
the
Greeks
do
it
on
the
left
.
They
use
two
kinds
of
writing
,
and
of
these
one
(
writing
)
is
called
the
holy
and
the
other
the
popular
.
Herodotus 2.35 - Literal Translation Alignment
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Literal Translations
- Created on 2017-04-30 16:05:29
- Modified on 2017-04-30 16:17:56
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
Νείλου μέν νυν πέρι τοσαῦτα εἰρήσθω : ἔρχομαι δὲ περὶ Αἰγύπτου μηκυνέων τὸν λόγον , ὅτι πλεῖστα θωμάσια ἔχει ἢ ἡ ἄλλη πᾶσα χώρη καὶ ἔργα λόγου μέζω παρέχεται πρὸς πᾶσαν χώρην τούτων εἵνεκα πλέω περὶ αὐτῆς εἰρήσεται . Αἰγύπτιοι ἅμα τῷ οὐρανῷ τῷ κατὰ σφέας ἐόντι ἑτεροίῳ καὶ τῷ ποταμῷ φύσιν ἀλλοίην παρεχομένῳ ἢ οἱ ἄλλοι ποταμοί , τὰ πολλὰ πάντα ἔμπαλιν τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνθρώποισι ἐστήσαντο ἤθεά τε καὶ νόμους : ἐν τοῖσι αἱ μὲν γυναῖκες ἀγοράζουσι καὶ καπηλεύουσι , οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες κατ᾽ οἴκους ἐόντες ὑφαίνουσι : ὑφαίνουσι δὲ οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι ἄνω τὴν κρόκην ὠθέοντες , Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ κάτω . τὰ ἄχθεα οἱ μὲν ἄνδρες ἐπὶ τῶν κεφαλέων φορέουσι , αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων . οὐρέουσι αἱ μὲν γυναῖκες ὀρθαί , οἱ δὲ ἄνδρες κατήμενοι . εὐμαρείῃ χρέωνται ἐν τοῖσι οἴκοισι , ἐσθίουσι δὲ ἔξω ἐν τῇσι ὁδοῖσι ἐπιλέγοντες ὡς τὰ μὲν αἰσχρὰ ἀναγκαῖα δὲ ἐν ἀποκρύφῳ ἐστὶ ποιέειν χρεόν , τὰ δὲ μὴ αἰσχρὰ ἀναφανδόν . ἱρᾶται γυνὴ μὲν οὐδεμία οὔτε ἔρσενος θεοῦ οὔτε θηλέης , ἄνδρες δὲ πάντων τε καὶ πασέων . τρέφειν τοὺς τοκέας τοῖσι μὲν παισὶ οὐδεμία ἀνάγκη μὴ βουλομένοισι , τῇσι δὲ θυγατράσι πᾶσα ἀνάγκη καὶ μὴ βουλομένῃσι .
Let
it
be
said
now
concerning
the
Nile
this
much
.
But
I
will
speak
at
great
length
the
account
concerning
Egypt
,
because
it
has
the
most
amazing
things
than
the
whole
other
land
and
it
exhibits
towards
the
whole
land
more
works
than
word
(
can
capture
)
.
For
the
sake
of
these
things
it
will
say
more
concerning
this
(
place
)
.
The
Egyptians
together
with
the
sky
,
the
one
being
otherwise
according
to
them
and
with
the
river
providing
nature
other
than
the
other
rivers
,
in
almost
all
ways
they
established
oppositely
from
other
people
,
both
customs
and
laws
.
Among
these
,
the
women
frequent
the
marketplace
and
trade
goods
,
the
men
being
at
home
,
weave
:
but
as
others
weave
pushing
the
woof
up
,
the
Egyptians
,
on
the
other
hand
,
push
it
down
.
The
men
bear
burdens
on
their
heads
,
the
women
on
their
shoulders
.
The
women
urinate
upright
,
the
men
siting
down
.
They
relieve
themselves
in
their
homes
,
but
they
eat
ouside
on
the
roads
,
saying
that
things
that
are
shameful
but
necessary
it
is
a
necessity
to
do
in
secret
,
but
the
things
that
are
not
shameful
,
openly
.
No
woman
is
a
priestess
neither
of
a
male
god
nor
a
female
god
,
but
the
men
of
all
of
the
male
and
all
of
the
female
(
gods
)
.
It
is
not
at
all
necessary
for
the
sons
,
not
wishing
to
,
to
take
care
of
their
parents
,
but
it
is
entirely
necessary
for
the
daughters
even
those
not
willing
.
Herodotus 2.50 - Literal Translation (Cook)
Cook, Jeanna / Herodotus Book II / Literal Translations
- Created on 2017-04-30 21:06:42
- Translated by Jeanna Cook
- Aligned by Cook, Jeanna
Ἑλληνική Transliterate
English
σχεδὸν δὲ καὶ πάντων τὰ οὐνόματα τῶν θεῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐλήλυθε ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα . διότι μὲν γὰρ ἐκ τῶν βαρβάρων ἥκει , πυνθανόμενος οὕτω εὑρίσκω ἐόν : δοκέω δ᾽ ὦν μάλιστα ἀπ᾽ Αἰγύπτου ἀπῖχθαι . ὅτι γὰρ δὴ μὴ Ποσειδέωνος καὶ Διοσκούρων , ὡς καὶ πρότερόν μοι ταῦτα εἴρηται , καὶ Ἥρης καὶ Ἱστίης καὶ Θέμιος καὶ Χαρίτων καὶ Νηρηίδων , τῶν ἄλλων θεῶν Αἰγυπτίοισι αἰεί κοτε τὰ οὐνόματα ἐστὶ ἐν τῇ χώρῃ . λέγω δὲ τὰ λέγουσι αὐτοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι . τῶν δὲ οὔ φασι θεῶν γινώσκειν τὰ οὐνόματα , οὗτοι δέ μοι δοκέουσι ὑπὸ Πελασγῶν ὀνομασθῆναι , πλὴν Ποσειδέωνος : τοῦτον δὲ τὸν θεὸν παρὰ Λιβύων ἐπύθοντο : οὐδαμοὶ γὰρ ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς Ποσειδέωνος οὔνομα ἔκτηνται εἰ μὴ Λίβυες καὶ τιμῶσι τὸν θεὸν τοῦτον αἰεί . νομίζουσι δ᾽ ὦν Αἰγύπτιοι οὐδ᾽ ἥρωσι οὐδέν .
The
names
of
nearly
all
of
the
gods
came
from
Egypt
into
Greece
.
That
they
have
come
from
the
barbarians
,
inquiring
I
find
it
being
thus
:
but
I
suppose
in
fact
that
they
came
especially
from
Egypt
.
That
indeed
not
of
Poseidon
and
the
Dioscuri
,
as
these
things
were
said
by
me
before
,
and
of
Hera
and
of
Hestia
and
of
Themis
and
of
the
Graces
and
of
the
Nereids
,
the
names
of
the
other
gods
for
the
Egyptians
always
are
in
this
land
.
But
I
say
the
things
which
the
Egyptians
themselves
say
.
But
of
those
gods
whom
they
do
not
say
that
they
know
the
names
,
these
seem
to
me
to
have
been
named
by
the
Pelasgians
,
except
for
Poseidon
:
for
this
god
they
learned
about
from
the
Libyans
:
for
not
anyone
acquired
the
name
of
Poseidon
from
the
beginning
if
the
Libyans
did
not
always
honor
this
god
.
But
the
Egyptians
,
however
,
do
not
give
recognition
to
the
heroes
at
all
.