ἆρ᾽ ὧδ᾽ ἄριστος ἐξ ἀριστέοιν δυοῖν
βλαστὼν ἂν αἰσχύνοιμι τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος ,
οὓς νῦν σὺ τοιοῖσδ᾽ ἐν πόνοισι κειμένους
ὠθεῖς ἀθάπτους , οὐδ᾽ ἐπαισχύνει λέγων ;
εὖ νυν τόδ᾽ ἴσθι , τοῦτον εἰ βαλεῖτέ που ,
βαλεῖτε χἠμᾶς τρεῖς ὁμοῦ συγκειμένους .
ἐπεὶ καλόν μοι τοῦδ᾽ ὑπερπονουμένῳ
θανεῖν προδήλως μᾶλλον ἢ τῆς σῆς ὑπὲρ
γυναικός , ἢ τοῦ σοῦ γ᾽ ὁμαίμονος λέγω ;
πρὸς ταῦθ᾽ ὅρα μὴ τοὐμόν , ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ σόν :
ὡς εἴ με πημανεῖς τι , βουλήσει ποτὲ
καὶ δειλὸς εἶναι μᾶλλον ἢ ' ν ἐμοὶ θρασύς .

Χορός :
ἄναξ , Ὀδυσσεῦ , καιρὸν ἴσθ᾽ ἐληλυθώς ,
εἰ μὴ ξυνάψων , ἀλλὰ συλλύσων πάρει .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
τί δ᾽ ἔστιν , ἄνδρες ; τηλόθεν γὰρ ᾐσθόμην
βοὴν Ἀτρειδῶν τῷδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀλκίμῳ νεκρῷ .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
οὐ γὰρ κλύοντές ἐσμεν αἰσχίστους λόγους ,
ἄναξ Ὀδυσσεῦ , τοῦδ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ἀνδρὸς ἀρτίως ;

Ὀδυσσεύς :
ποίους ; ἐγὼ γὰρ ἀνδρὶ συγγνώμην ἔχω
κλύοντι φλαῦρα συμβαλεῖν ἔπη κακά .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
ἤκουσεν αἰσχρά : δρῶν γὰρ ἦν τοιαῦτά με .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
τί γάρ σ᾽ ἔδρασεν , ὥστε καὶ βλάβην ἔχειν ;

Ἀγαμέμνων :
οὔ φησ᾽ ἐάσειν τόνδε τὸν νεκρὸν ταφῆς
ἄμοιρον , ἀλλὰ πρὸς βίαν θάψειν ἐμοῦ .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
ἔξεστιν οὖν εἰπόντι τἀληθῆ φίλῳ
σοὶ μηδὲν ἧσσον ἢ πάρος ξυνηρετεῖν ;

Ἀγαμέμνων :
εἴπ᾽ : ἦ γὰρ εἴην οὐκ ἂν εὖ φρονῶν , ἐπεὶ
φίλον σ᾽ ἐγὼ μέγιστον Ἀργείων νέμω .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
ἄκουέ νυν . τὸν ἄνδρα τόνδε πρὸς θεῶν
μὴ τλῇς ἄθαπτον ὧδ᾽ ἀναλγήτως βαλεῖν :
μηδ᾽ ἡ βία σε μηδαμῶς νικησάτω
τοσόνδε μισεῖν ὥστε τὴν δίκην πατεῖν .
κἀμοὶ γὰρ ἦν ποθ᾽ οὗτος ἔχθιστος στρατοῦ ,
ἐξ οὗ ' κράτησα τῶν Ἀχιλλείων ὅπλων ,
ἀλλ᾽ αὐτὸν ἔμπας ὄντ᾽ ἐγὼ τοιόνδ᾽ ἐμοὶ
οὐκ ἀντατιμάσαιμ᾽ ἄν , ὥστε μὴ λέγειν
ἕν᾽ ἄνδρ᾽ ἰδεῖν ἄριστον Ἀργείων , ὅσοι
Τροίαν ἀφικόμεσθα , πλὴν Ἀχιλλέως .
ὥστ᾽ οὐκ ἂν ἐνδίκως γ᾽ ἀτιμάζοιτό σοι :
οὐ γάρ τι τοῦτον , ἀλλὰ τοὺς θεῶν νόμους
φθείροις ἄν . ἄνδρα δ᾽ οὐ δίκαιον , εἰ θάνοι ,
βλάπτειν τὸν ἐσθλόν , οὐδ᾽ ἐὰν μισῶν κυρῇς .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
σὺ ταῦτ᾽ , Ὀδυσσεῦ , τοῦδ᾽ ὑπερμαχεῖς ἐμοί ;

Ὀδυσσεύς :
ἔγωγ᾽ : ἐμίσουν δ᾽ , ἡνίκ᾽ ἦν μισεῖν καλόν .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
οὐ γὰρ θανόντι καὶ προσεμβῆναί σε χρή ;

Ὀδυσσεύς :
μὴ χαῖρ᾽ , Ἀτρείδη , κέρδεσιν τοῖς μὴ καλοῖς .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
τόν τοι τύραννον εὐσεβεῖν οὐ ῥᾴδιον .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
ἀλλ᾽ εὖ λέγουσι τοῖς φίλοις τιμὰς νέμειν .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
κλύειν τὸν ἐσθλὸν ἄνδρα χρὴ τῶν ἐν τέλει .

Ὀδυσσεύς :
παῦσαι : κρατεῖς τοι τῶν φίλων νικώμενος .

Ἀγαμέμνων :
μέμνησ᾽ ὁποίῳ φωτὶ τὴν χάριν δίδως .

I , thus noble born of two nobles , should I bring shame onto those of my blood , we being laid into such labors , those whom you now throw out unburied , are you not ashamed speaking ? Well now know of this , if you throw out this body somewhere , you will throw out us all the same , we three lying together . Since it is good for me to die toiling much on behalf of this , in a place of sight , rather than over your woman , or really your brother ' s should I say ? Because of this consider not mine , but also yours . Thus if you undo me at all , you will wish someday to be very cowardly rather than bold to me .

Chorus :
Lord Odysseus , know that in due time you have come , if not to be engaging , but to help by untangling .

Odysseus :
What is it , men ? For from afar I heard the shouting of the Atridae about this strong corpse .

Agamemnon :
Indeed , for have we not been hearing most shameful words , Lord Odysseus , from this exact man ?

Odysseus :
What kind ? For I could bear lenience for a man to have joined with bad words having heard indifferent words .

Agamemnon :
He did hear shameful words : for he was doing such things to me .

Odysseus :
For what thing did he do to you , in order to bring damage ?

Agamemnon :
He intends to not allow this body to be without burial , but to honor it in defiance to me .

Odysseus :
So is it possible for a friend having spoken truthfully and for naught no lesser than before to be your friend ?

Agamemnon :
You should speak : For otherwise I would not be well minded , since I consider you the best friend out of the Argives .

Odysseus :
Listen now : Before the gods , do not dare to throw out this man in this way , unburied , without pain . Nor shall force at all conquer you , so that your long hatred causes you to treat on custom . For this man was once to me most hated of the army , from when I became the master of the arms of Achilles . But though he was like that to me I would not treat him with dishonor , in order to not say he was the best man I saw among the Argives , of us who came to Troy , except for Achilles . Thus he would not be justly dishonored at least by you . For not him , but the laws of the gods you would destroy . It is not just to harm a good man , if he dies , even if you happen to be hating him .

Agamemnon :
You , like this , Odysseus , for him you fight against me ?

Odysseus :
I do . I hated him at the time when to hate was appropriate .

Agamemnon :
For you proclaim you should not tread on him having died ?

Odysseus :
Do not rejoice , son of Atreus , in gains that are not noble .

Agamemnon :
It is not easy to live as a tyrant .

Odysseus :
But they say one should deal out to friends the due honor .

Agamemnon :
The noble man should listen to those who execute .

Odysseus :
Stop : You rule , even with your friends prevailing .

Agamemnon :
Remember what sort of man you give your grace .

Since I am nobly born and my parents
are both noble , too , how could I disgrace
my own flesh and blood ? Ajax is lying here ,
overcome by all his troubles , and you—
aren’t you ashamed to say you’ll toss him out
without a burial ? Well , think of this—
if you just throw him out , along with him
you’ll be casting off three more as well .
It’s a finer thing for men to see me die
while labouring hard on his behalf
than fighting for your woman—or should I say
your brother’s wife ? Given what I’ve said ,
don’t think about my safety ; look to your own .
For if you make things difficult for me ,
you’re going to wish you had been more afraid
and not so bold when you confronted me .

CHORUS LEADER

Lord Odysseus , you’ve come just in time ,
if you’re here to calm things , not make them worse .

ODYSSEUS

My friends , what’s going on ? From a long way off
I heard the sons of Atreus shouting out
over this brave man’s body .

AGAMEMNON

Lord Odysseus ,
we have had to listen for far too long
to the most shameful language from this man .
Is that not reason enough ?

ODYSSEUS

Well , let’s see—
I could forgive a man who had been listening
to someone else who was abusing him
and who then joined in a war of insults .

AGAMEMNON

I did insult him , because his actions
were a direct affront to me .

ODYSSEUS

What did he do to injure you ?

AGAMEMNON

He says he will not let
this corpse remain without a burial .
He’ll set it in a grave , no matter what I do .

ODYSSEUS

Well , may someone who’s a friend of yours
speak his mind and still remain a colleague
the way he was before ?

AGAMEMNON

You should speak out .
I would scarcely be thinking properly
if I said no . Among the Argives
I consider you my greatest friend .

ODYSSEUS

Then listen . In deference to the gods
don’t be so unyielding you throw Ajax out
without a burial . You should not let
that spirit of violence at any time
seize control of you , not to the extent
that you then trample justice underfoot .
This man became my greatest enemy
in all our army on that very day
I beat him for the armour of Achilles .
But for all the man’s hostility to me ,
I would not disgrace him . Nor would I deny
that in my view he was the finest warrior
among the Argive men who came to Troy ,
after Achilles . So if you dishonour him ,
you would be unjust . It would not harm him ,
but you’d be contravening all those laws
the gods established . When a good man dies ,
it is not right to harm him , even though
he may be someone you hate .

AGAMEMNON

Odysseus ,
you mean you’re arguing against me ,
on his behalf ?

ODYSSEUS

Yes , that’s what I mean .
I did hate him , when it was all right to hate .

AGAMEMNON

Why would you not walk all over him ,
now that he’s dead ?

ODYSSEUS

Son of Atreus ,
do not take pleasure in advantages
which are dishonourable .

AGAMEMNON

A mighty king
does not show reverence all that easily .

ODYSSEUS

But he can give out honourable rewards
to friends when they advise him prudently .

AGAMEMNON

A good man should obey those in command .

ODYSSEUS

Why not concede ? You’ll still be in control ,
although you let your friends prevail against you .

AGAMEMNON

Just remember the kind of man he was ,
the one for whom you want to do this favour .

ἀεὶ μέν , ὦ παῖ Λαρτίου , δέδορκά σε
πεῖράν τιν’ ἐχθρῶν ἁρπάσαι θηρώμενον ·
καὶ νῦν ἐπὶ σκηναῖς σε ναυτικαῖς ὁρῶ
Αἴαντος , ἔνθα τάξιν ἐσχάτην ἔχει ,
5πάλαι κυνηγετοῦντα καὶ μετρούμενον
ἴχνη τὰ κείνου νεοχάραχθ’ , ὅπως ἴδῃς
εἴτ’ ἔνδον εἴτ’ οὐκ ἔνδον . εὖ δέ σ’ ἐκφέρει
κυνὸς Λακαίνης ὥς τις εὔρινος βάσις .
ἔνδον γὰρ ἁνὴρ ἄρτι τυγχάνει , κάρα
10στάζων ἱδρῶτι καὶ χέρας ξιφοκτόνους .
καί σ’ οὐδὲν εἴσω τῆσδε παπταίνειν πύλης
ἔτ’ ἔργον ἐστίν , ἐννέπειν δ’ ὅτου χάριν
σπουδὴν ἔθου τήνδ’ , ὡς παρ’ εἰδυίας μάθῃς .

Ὀδυσσεύς
ὦ φθέγμ’ Ἀθάνας , φιλτάτης ἐμοὶ θεῶν ,
ὡς εὐμαθές σου , κἂν ἄποπτος ᾖς ὅμως ,
φώνημ’ ἀκούω καὶ ξυναρπάζω φρενὶ
χαλκοστόμου κώδωνος ὡς Τυρσηνικῆς .
καὶ νῦν ἐπέγνως εὖ μ’ ἐπ’ ἀνδρὶ δυσμενεῖ
βάσιν κυκλοῦντ’ , Αἴαντι τῷ σακεσφόρῳ ·
κεῖνον γάρ , οὐδέν’ ἄλλον , ἰχνεύω πάλαι .
νυκτὸς γὰρ ἡμᾶς τῆσδε πρᾶγος ἄσκοπον
ἔχει περάνας , εἴπερ εἴργασται τάδε ·
ἴσμεν γὰρ οὐδὲν τρανές , ἀλλ’ ἀλώμεθα ·
κἀγὼ ’θελοντὴς τῷδ’ ὑπεζύγην πόνῳ .
ἐφθαρμένας γὰρ ἀρτίως εὑρίσκομεν
λείας ἁπάσας καὶ κατηναρισμένας
ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτοῖς ποιμνίων ἐπιστάταις .
τήνδ’ οὖν ἐκείνῳ πᾶς τις αἰτίαν νέμει .
καί μοί τις ὀπτὴρ αὐτὸν εἰσιδὼν μόνον
πηδῶντα πεδία σὺν νεορράντῳ ξίφει
φράζει τε κἀδήλωσεν

O son of Laertes , I see you
hunting to snatch any trial of your enemies ;
and now I see you upon the tents and ships
of Ajax , he has an arrangement at the farthest point there ,
for a long time I watch you hunting and measuring
freshly imprinted footprints of that one , how you may see
whether within or not within . Any step carries you
well like a Laconian dog with a good nose .
For just now a man happened to go within ,
dripping sweat from his head and hands which slay with the sword .
And no need for you to gaze into this door
yet your work is , to tell why you set this favor
with speed , as you man learn from someone who knows .

Odysseus
O voice of Athena , most dear of gods to me ,
how well distinct it is , even if you are out of sight ,
I hear your voice and I seize it in my mind ,
like the mouth of a Tyrrhenian trumpet .
And now you looked upon me well circling a step
around the hostile man , the shield bearing Ajax :
for I hunt that one for a while , no other .
For in this night he has excited a heedless thing
to us , if indeed he has done this :
for we know nothing clear , but we are perplexed :
I was put under the yoke as volunteer for this work .
For we found just now all the booty
destroyed and killed
by hand to the ones near the herd .
So every body dispenses this accusation to that one ,
And now some watcher viewed him alone
bounding the plains with a fresh-reeking sword
he points out to me and showed me :

Odysseus , I keep seeing you prowl around ,
seeking by stealth to gain the upper hand
against your enemies . And now , by these huts
at one end of the army , where Ajax
has his camp beside the ships , for some time
I’ve been observing as you track him down ,
keep your eyes fixed on his fresh-made trail ,
to find out whether he’s inside or not .
like a keen-nosed Spartan hunting dog ,
your path is taking you straight to your goal .
The man has just gone in , his head and arms
dripping with sweat after the butchery
he’s just carried out with his own sword .
So you don’t need to peer inside the doors .
What are you so eager to discover here ?
Why not tell me ? You could learn the answer
from someone who knows .



ODYSSEUS
Ah , Athena’s voice , of all the gods
the one I cherish most . How clear you sound .
I cannot see you , but I hear your words .
My mind can grasp their sense , like the bronze call
of an Etruscan trumpet . And you are right .
You see me circling around , tracking down
that man who hates me , shield-bearing Ajax .
I’ve been following his trail a long time now ,
just him , no one else . During the night
he’s done something inconceivable to us ,
if he’s the one who did it . We’re not sure .
We don’t know anything for certain .
So I volunteered to find out what’s gone on .
We’re just discovered all our livestock killed ,
our plunder butchered by some human hand ,
and with them , too , the men who guard the herd .
Everyone blames Ajax for the slaughter .
What’s more , an eyewitness who saw him
striding by himself across the plain , his sword
dripping with fresh blood , informed me of it
and told me what he saw

11 نی حریف هر که از یاری برید
پرده هااش پرده های ما درید

12 همچو نی زهری و تریاقی که دید
همچو نی دمساز و مشتاقی که دید

13 نی حدیث راه پر خون می کند
قصه های عشق مجنون می کند

14 محرم این هوش جز بیهوش نیست
مر زبان را مشتری چون گوش نیست

15 در غم ما روز ها بیگاه شد
روز ها با سوز ها همراه شد

16 روزها گر رفت گو رو باک نیست
تو بمان ای آنک چون تو پاک نیست

17 هر که جز ماهی ز آبش سير شد
هر که بی روزيست روزش دير شد

18 در نيابد حالِ پخته هيچ خام
پس سخن کوتاه بايد والسلام

19 بند بگسل باش آزاد ای پسر
چند باشی بندِ سيم و بندِ زر

20 گر بريزی بحررا در کوزۀ
چند گُنجد قسمت يک روزۀ

11 The reed is the comrade of every one who has been parted from a friend : its strains pierced our hearts .

12 Who ever saw a poison and antidote like the reed ?
Who ever saw a sympathiser and a longing lover like the reed ?

13 The reed tells of the Way full of blood
and recounts stories of the passion of Majnun .

14 Only to the senseless is this sense confided :
the tongue hath no customer save the ear .

15 In our woe the days ( of life ) have become untimely :
our days travel hand in hand with burning griefs .

16 If our days are gone , let them go ! – ’tis no matter .
Do Thou remain , for none is holy as Thou art !

17 Whoever is not a fish becomes sated with His water ;
whoever is without daily bread finds the day long

18 None that is raw understands the state of the ripe :
therefore my words must be brief . Farewell !

19 O son , burst thy chains and be free !
How long wilt thou be a bondsman to silver and gold ?

20 If thou pour the sea into a pitcher ,
how much will it hold ? One day’s store

11 Getrennter Liebenden Gefährtin sie ,
Zerreißt das Innerste die Melodie .

12 Als Gift , als Gegengift stets unvergleichlich ,
An Mitgefühl und Sehnsucht unerreichlich ,

13 Gibt sie vom Pfad im Blute uns Bericht ,
Von Medschnuns Liebe singt sie manch Gedicht .

14 Vertraut mit diesem Sinn ist nur der Tor ,
Gleichwie der Zunge Kundsmann nur das Ohr .

15 In Leid sind unsre Tage hingeflogen ,
Und mit den Tagen Plagen mitgezogen !

16 Und ziehn die Tage , laß sie ziehn in Ruh‘ ,
O du der Reinen Reinster , daure du !

17 Den Fisch nur sättigt nie die Flut , doch lang
Sind des Darbenden Tage , lang und bang .

18 Aber mein Wort sei kurz ; versteht doch nicht
Der Rohe , was der Vielgeprüfte spricht .

19 Sei frei , mein Knabe , und durchbrich die Schranke ,
Zu lang war Gold und Silber dein Gedanke !

20 Denn gössest du das Meer in einen Krug ,
Was faßt er ? Kaum für einen Tag genug .

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit , uti eos testes suae quisque virtutis haberet ; ipse a dextro cornu , quod eam partem minime firmam hostium esse animadverterat , proelium commisit . Ita nostri acriter in hostes signo dato impetum fecerunt itaque hostes repente celeriterque procurrerunt , ut spatium pila in hostes coiciendi non daretur . Relictis pilis comminus gladiis pugnatum est . At Germani celeriter ex consuetudine sua phalange facta impetus gladiorum exceperunt . Reperti sunt complures nostri qui in phalanga insilirent et scuta manibus revellerent et desuper vulnerarent . Cum hostium acies a sinistro cornu pulsa atque in fugam coniecta esset , a dextro cornu vehementer multitudine suorum nostram aciem premebant . Id cum animadvertisset P . Crassus adulescens , qui equitatui praeerat , quod expeditior erat quam ii qui inter aciem versabantur , tertiam aciem laborantibus nostris subsidio misit .

Цезар повери командуването на отделните легиони на своите легати и квестори , за да могат те да бъдат свидетели за храбростта на всеки , а сам той започна сражение от своето дясно крило , тъй като забеляза , че именно там неприятелите са най-слаби . По даден боен сигнал нашите бойци се нахвърлиха тъй стремително в атака срещу неприятелите и тъй внезапно се втурнаха напред срещу тях , че просто нямаше време и място да бъдат обстрелвани с копия . Ето защо те захвърлиха копията си и
започнаха бой с мечове . Германците обаче , опитни в своя начин на бой , бързо образуваха фаланга и отбиха нападението с мечове . Мнозина наши храбри бойци със скок навлизаха във фалангата , изтръгваха щитовете от ръцете им и им нанасяха рани с удари отгоре . Докато на левия фланг нашите разгромиха и обърнаха в бягство неприятеля , на десния фланг със своето числено превъзходство той притискаше силно нашите бойци . Като забеляза това , младият Публий Крас , командир на нашата
конница , който бе по-свободен , отколкото намиращите се на бойната линия офицери , изпрати в помощ на изпадналите в трудно положение наши войници третата бойна редица .

Caesar appointed over each legion a lieutenant and a questor , that every one might have them as witnesses of his valor . He himself began the battle at the head of the right wing , because he had observed that part of the enemy to be the least strong . Accordingly our men , upon the signal being given , vigorously made an attack upon the enemy , and the enemy so suddenly and rapidly rushed forward , that there was no time for casting the javelins at them . Throwing aside [ therefore ] their javelins , they fought with swords hand to hand . But the Germans , according to their custom , rapidly forming a phalanx , sustained the attack of our swords . There were found very many of our soldiers who leaped upon the phalanx , and with their hands tore away the shields , and wounded the enemy from above . Although the army of the enemy was routed on the left wing and put to flight , they [ still ] pressed heavily on our men from the right wing , by the great number of their troops . On observing which , P . Crassus , a young man , who commanded the cavalry-as he was more disengaged than those who were employed in the fight-sent the third line as a relief to our men who were in distress .

11 نی حریف هر که از یاری برید
پرده هااش پرده های ما درید

12 همچو نی زهری و تریاقی که دید
همچو نی دمساز و مشتاقی که دید

13 نی حدیث راه پر خون می کند
قصه های عشق مجنون می کند

14 محرم این هوش جز بیهوش نیست
مر زبان را مشتری چون گوش نیست

15 در غم ما روز ها بیگاه شد
روز ها با سوز ها همراه شد

16 روزها گر رفت گو رو باک نیست
تو بمان ای آنک چون تو پاک نیست

17 هر که جز ماهی ز آبش سير شد
هر که بی روزيست روزش دير شد

18 در نيابد حالِ پخته هيچ خام
پس سخن کوتاه بايد والسلام

19 بند بگسل باش آزاد ای پسر
چند باشی بندِ سيم و بندِ زر

20 گر بريزی بحررا در کوزۀ
چند گُنجد قسمت يک روزۀ

11 The reed is the comrade of every one who has been parted from a friend
its strains pierced our hearts .

12 Who ever saw a poison and antidote like the reed ?
Who ever saw a sympathiser and a longing lover like the reed ?

13 The reed tells of the Way full of blood
and recounts stories of the passion of Majnun .

14 Only to the senseless is this sense confided :
the tongue hath no customer save the ear .

15 In our woe the days ( of life ) have become untimely :
our days travel hand in hand with burning griefs .

16 If our days are gone , let them go ! – ’tis no matter .
Do Thou remain , for none is holy as Thou art !

17 Whoever is not a fish becomes sated with His water ;
whoever is without daily bread finds the day long .

18 None that is raw understands the state of the ripe :
therefore my words must be brief . Farewell !

19 O son , burst thy chains and be free !
How long wilt thou be a bondsman to silver and gold ?

20 If thou pour the sea into a pitcher ,
how much will it hold ? One day’s store .

11 Getrennter Liebenden Gefährtin sie ,
Zerreißt das Innerste die Melodie .

12 Als Gift , als Gegengift stets unvergleichlich ,
An Mitgefühl und Sehnsucht unerreichlich ,

13 Gibt sie vom Pfad im Blute uns Bericht ,
Von Medschnuns Liebe singt sie manch Gedicht .

14 Vertraut mit diesem Sinn ist nur der Tor ,
Gleichwie der Zunge Kundsmann nur das Ohr .

15 In Leid sind unsre Tage hingeflogen ,
Und mit den Tagen Plagen mitgezogen !

16 Und ziehn die Tage , laß sie ziehn in Ruh‘ ,
O du der Reinen Reinster , daure du !

17 Den Fisch nur sättigt nie die Flut , doch lang
Sind des Darbenden Tage , lang und bang .

18 Aber mein Wort sei kurz ; versteht doch nicht
Der Rohe , was der Vielgeprüfte spricht .

19 Sei frei , mein Knabe , und durchbrich die Schranke ,
Zu lang war Gold und Silber dein Gedanke !

20 Denn gössest du das Meer in einen Krug ,
Was faßt er ? Kaum für einen Tag genug

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

1 بشنو از نی چون حکایت می کند
از جداییها شکایت می کند

2 کز نیستان تا مرا ببریده اند
از نفیرم مرد و زن نالیده اند

3 سینه خواهم شرحه شرحه از فراق
تا بگویم شرح درد اشتیاق

4 هر کسی کو دور ماند از اصل خویش
باز جوید روزگار وصل خویش

5 من بهر جمعیتی نالان شدم
جفت بدحالان و خوش حالان شدم

6 هر کسی از ظن خود شد یار من
از درون من نجست اسرار من

7 سر من از ناله ی من دور نیست
لیک چشم و گوش را آن نور نیست

8 تن ز جان و جان ز تن مستور نیست
لیک کس را دید جان دستور نیست

9 آتشست این بانگ نای و نیست باد
هر که این آتش ندارد نیست باد

10 آتش عشقست کاندر نی فتاد
جوشش عشقست کاندر می فتاد

In the Name of God the Merciful , The Compassionate .

1 Listen to the reed how it tells a tale ,
complaining of separations

2 Saying , " Ever since I was parted from the reed-bed ,
my lament hath caused man and woman to moan .

3 I want a bosom torn by severance ,
that I may unfold ( to such a one ) the pain of love-desire .

4 Every one who is left far from his source
wishes back the time when he was united with it .

5 In every company I uttered my wailful notes ,
I consorted with the unhappy and with them that rejoice .

6 Every one became my friend from his own opinion ;
none sought out my secrets from within me .

7 My secret is not far from my plaint ,
but ear and eye lack the light ( whereby it should be apprehended ) .

8 Body is not veiled from soul , nor soul from body ,
yet none is permitted to see the soul .

9 This noise of the reed is fire , it is not wind :
whoso hath not this fire , may he be naught !

10 ’Tis the fire of Love that is in the reed ,
’tis the fervour of Love that is in the wine .

1 Hör’ auf der Flöte Rohr , was es verkündet ,
Hör’ , wie es klagt , von Sehnsuchtsschmerz entzündet :

2 „Als man mich abschnitt am beschilften See ,
Da weinte alle Welt bei meinem Weh .

3 Ich such’ ein sehnend Herz , in dessen Wunde
Ich gieße meines Trennungsleides Kunde :

4 Sehnt doch nach des Zusammenweilens Glück
Der Heimatferne allzeit sich zurück .

5 Klagend durchzog ich drum die weite Welt ,
Und Schlechten bald , bald Guten beigesellt ,

6 Galt jedem ich als Freund und als Gefährte ,
Und keiner fragte , was mein Herz beschwerte .

7 Und doch – so fern ist’s meiner Klage nicht ,
Den Sinnen nur fehlt der Erkenntnis Licht .

8 So find auch Seel’ und Leib einander klar ,
Doch welchem Aug’ stellt’ je ein Geist sich dar ? "

9 Kein Hauch , nein Feuer sich dem Rohr entwindet .
Verderben dem , den diese Glut nicht zündet !

10 Der Liebe Glut ist’s , die im Rohre saust ,
Der Liebe Seufzen , das im Wein aufbraust .

Ancient Egyptian

Deutsch

ntj nȝ-mnḫ ḥȝtj . ṱ =f [ i . ir ? ] nȝ nṯr . w r ti nḫt . ṱ ( . t ) n nȝ rmṯ . w pȝ ntj ḥr nȝj =f ḏḏy i . ir ti wḏȝ Kmy iw =f sḥtj nȝ irpy . w i . ir smn nȝ hp . w r : ḏd Ḏḥwtj ʿȝ-ʿȝ pȝ nb n rnp . wt [ n ] [ ḥbs ]

Ἑλληνική Transliterate

English

Αἰσχύλος ὁ τραγικὸς γένει μὲν ἦν Ἀθηναῖος , Ἐλευσίνιος τῶν δήμων , υἱὸς Εὐφορίωνος , Κυνεγείρου ἀδελφός , ἐξ εὐπατριδῶν τὴν φύσιν .

2 νέος δὲ ἤρξατο τῶν τραγωιδιῶν , καὶ πολὺ τοὺς πρὸ ἑαυτοῦ ὑπερῆρεν κατά τε τὴν ποίησιν καὶ τὴν διάθεσιν τῆς σκηνῆς τήν τε λαμπρότητα τῆς χορηγίας καὶ τὴν σκευὴν τῶν ὑποκριτῶν τήν τε τοῦ χοροῦ σεμνότητα , ὡς καὶ Ἀριστοφάνης ·

ἀλλ’ ὦ πρῶτος τῶν Ἑλλήνων πυργώσας
[ ῥήματα σεμνὰ
καὶ κοσμήσας τραγικὸν λῆρον .

3 συνεχρόνισεν δὲ Πινδάρωι , γεγονὼς κατὰ τὴν †μ΄† Ὀλυμπιάδα .

4 γενναῖον δὲ αὐτόν φασι , καὶ μετασχεῖν τῆς ἐν Μαραθῶνι μάχης σὺν τῶι ἀδελφῶι Κυνεγείρωι τῆς τε ἐν Σαλαμῖνι ναυμαχίας σὺν τῶι νεωτάτωι τῶν ἀδελφῶν Ἀμεινίαι καὶ τῆς ἐν Πλαταιαῖς πεζομαχίας .

5 κατὰ δὲ τὴν σύνθεσιν τῆς ποιήσεως ζηλοῖ τὸ ἁδρὸν ἀεὶ πλάσμα , ὀνοματοποιίαις τε καὶ ἐπιθέτοις , ἔτι δὲ μεταφοραῖς καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς δυναμένοις ὄγκον τῆι φράσει περιθεῖναι χρώμενος . αἵ τε διαθέσεις τῶν δραμάτων οὐ πολλὰς αὐτῶι περιπετείας καὶ πλοκὰς ἔχουσιν ὡς παρὰ τοῖς νεωτέροις · μόνον γὰρ ζηλοῖ τὸ βάρος περιτιθέναι τοῖς προσώποις , ἀρχαῖον εἶναι κρίνων τὸ μεγαλοπρεπές τε καὶ ἡρωϊκόν , τὸ δὲ πανοῦργον κομψοπρεπές τε καὶ γνωμολογικὸν ἀλλότριον τῆς τραγωιδίας ἡγούμενος · ὥστε διὰ τὸ πλεονάζειν τῶι βάρει τῶν προσώπων κομωιδεῖται παρὰ Ἀριστοφάνει .

6 ἐν μὲν γὰρ τῆι Νιόβηι ἕως τρίτου μέρους ἐπικαθημένη τῶι τάφωι τῶν παίδων οὐδὲν φθέγγεται ἐγκεκαλυμμένη · ἐν δὲ τοῖς Ἕκτορος λύτροις Ἀχιλλεὺς ὁμοίως ἐγκεκαλυμμένος οὐ φθέγγεται , πλὴν ἐν ἀρχαῖς ὀλίγα πρὸς Ἑρμῆν ἀμοιβαῖα .

7 διὸ ἐκλογαὶ μὲν παρ’ αὐτῶι τῆι κατασκευῆι διαφέρουσαι πάμπολλαι ἂν εὑρεθεῖεν , γνῶμαι δὲ ἢ συμπάθειαι ἢ ἄλλο τι τῶν δυναμένων εἰς δάκρυον ἀγαγεῖν οὐ πάνυ . ταῖς τε γὰρ ὄψεσι καὶ τοῖς μύθοις πρὸς ἔκλπληξιν τερατώδη μᾶλλον ἢ πρὸς ἀπάτην κέχρηται .

8 ἀπῆρεν δὲ ὡς Ἱέρωνα , κατά τινας μὲν ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων κατασπουδασθεὶς καὶ ἡσσηθεὶς νέωι ὄντι Σοφοκλεῖ , κατὰ δὲ ἐνίους ἐν τῶι εἰς τοὺς Μαραθῶνι τεθνηκότας ἐλεγείωι ἡσσηθεὶς Σιμωνίδηι · τὸ γὰρ ἐλεγεῖον πολὺ τῆς περὶ τὸ συμπαθὲς λεπτότητος μετέχειν θέλει , ὃ τοῦ Αἰσχύλου , ὡς ἔφαμεν , ἐστὶν ἀλλότριον .

9 τινὲς δέ φασιν ἐν τῆι ἐπιδείξει τῶν Εὐμενίδων σποράδην εἰσαγαγόντα τὸν χορὸν τοσοῦτον ἐκπλῆξαι τὸν δῆμον ὡς τὰ μὲν νήπια ἐκψῦξαι , τὰ δὲ ἔμβρυα ἐξαμβλωθῆναι . ἐλθὼν τοίνυν εἰς Σικελίαν , Ἱέρωνος τότε τὴν Αἴτνην κτίζοντος , ἐπεδείξατο τὰς Αἴτνας οἰωνιζόμενος βίον ἀγαθὸν τοῖς συνοικίζουσι τὴν πόλιν .

10 καὶ σφόδρα τῶι τε τυράννωι Ἱέρωνι καὶ τοῖς Γελώιοις τιμηθεὶς ἐπιζήσας τρίτον ἔτος γηραιὸς ἐτελεύτα τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον · ἀετὸς γὰρ χελώνην ἁρπάσας , ὡς ἐγκρατὴς γενέσθαι τῆς ἄγρας οὐκ ἴσχυεν , ἀφίησι κατὰ πετρῶν αὐτὴν συνθλάσσων τὸ δέρμα · ἡ δὲ ἐνεχθεῖσα κατὰ τοῦ ποιητοῦ φονεύει αὐτόν . χρηστηριασθεὶς δὲ ἦν , " οὐράνιόν σε βέλος κατακτενεῖ . "

11 ἀποθανόντα δὲ Γελῶιοι πολυτελῶς ἐν τοῖς δημοσίοις μνήμασι θάψαντες ἐτίμησαν μεγαλοπρεπῶς , ἐπιγράψαντες οὕτω ·

Αἰσχύλον Εὐφορίωνος Ἀθηναῖον τόδε κεύθει
μνῆμα καταφθίμενον πυροφόροιο Γέλας ·
ἀλκὴν δ’ εὐδόκιμον Μαραθώνιον ἄλσος ἂν
[ εἴποι
καὶ βαθυχαιτήεις Μῆδος ἐπιστάμενος .

εἰς τὸ μνῆμα δὲ φοιτῶντες ὅσοις ἐν τραγωιδίαις ἦν ὁ βίος ἐνήγιζόν τε καὶ τὰ δράματα ὑπεκρίνοντο .

12 Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ τοσοῦτον ἠγάπησαν Αἰσχύλον ὡς ψηφίσασθαι μετὰ < τὸν > θάνατον αὐτοῦ τὸν βουλόμενον διδάσκειν τὰ Αἰσχύλου χορὸν λαμβάνειν .

13 ἐβίω δὲ ἔτη ξγ΄ , ἐν οἷς ἐποίησεν δράματα ο΄ καὶ ἐπὶ τούτοις σατυρικὰ ἀμφὶ τὰ †ε΄† . νίκας δὲ τὰς πάσας εἴληφε τρεισκαίδεκα · οὐκ ὀλίγας δὲ μετὰ τελευτὴν νίκας ἀπηνέγκατο .

14 πρῶτος Αἰσχύλος πάθεσι γεννικωτάτοις τὴν τραγωιδίαν ηὔξησεν τήν τε σκηνὴν ἐκόσμησεν καὶ τὴν ὄψιν τῶν θεωμένων κατέπληξεν τῆι λαμπρότητι , γραφαῖς καὶ μηχαναῖς , βωμοῖς τε καὶ τάφοις , σάλπιγξιν , εἰδώλοις , Ἐρινύσι , τούς τε ὑποκριτὰς χειρῖσι σκεπάσας καὶ τῶι σύρματι ἐξογκώσας μείζοσί τε τοῖς κοθόρνοις μετεωρίσας .

15 ἐχρήσατο δὲ ὑποκριτῆι πρώτωι μὲν Κλεάνδρωι , ἔπειτα καὶ τὸν δεύτερον αὐτῶι προσῆψε Μυννίσκον τὸν Χαλκιδέα · τὸν δὲ τρίτον ὑποκριτὴν αὐτὸς ἐξεῦρεν , ὡς δὲ Δικαίαρχος ὁ Μεσσήνιος , Σοφοκλῆς .

16 τὸ δὲ ἁπλοῦν τῆς δραματοποιίας εἰ μέν τις πρὸς τοὺς μετ’ αὐτὸν λογίζοιτο , φαῦλον ἂν ἐκλαμβάνοι καὶ ἀπραγμάτευτον , εἰ δὲ πρὸς τοὺς ἀνωτέρω , θαυμάσειε τῆς ἐπινοίας τὸν ποιητὴν καὶ τῆς εὑρέσεως . ὅτωι δὲ δοκεῖ τελεώτερος τραγωιδίας ποιητὴς Σοφοκλῆς γεγονέναι , ὀρθῶς μὲν δοκεῖ , λογιζέσθω δὲ ὅτι πολλῶι χαλεπώτερον ἦν ἐπὶ Θέσπιδι , Φρυνίχωι τε καὶ Χοιρίλωι εἰς τοσόνδε μεγέθους τὴν τραγωιδίαν προαγαγεῖν ἢ ἐπὶ Ἀισχύλωι εἰσιόντα εἰς τὴν Σοφοκλέους ἐλθεῖν τελειότητα .

17 ἐπιγέγραπται τῶι τάφωι αὐτοῦ ·

αἰετοῦ ἐξ ὀνύχων βρέγμα τυπεὶς ἔθανον .
18 φασὶν ὑπὸ Ἱέρωνος ἀξιωθέντα ἀναδιδάξαι τοὺς Πέρσας ἐν Σικελίαι καὶ λίαν εὐδοκιμε